CAJ | 학술논문

文章通过A股火电上市企业的数据，采用生产函数的随机前沿方法和二阶段的Tobit回归分析研究了生产要素投入、电价规制改革对火电企业效率的影响。实证结果表明在2001—2007年间。火电上市企业正从装机机组容量不足的“硬短缺”转为电煤投入不足的“软短缺”．电煤数量成为发电量增长的最重要生产要素。火电企业的能源使用效率越高，企业的技术效率就越高。2005年来以激励性规制为导向的上网电价改革显著地提高了火电上市企业的效率。但是，当前企业的电价水平与企业的技术效率并不显著相关。因此，进一步深化激励性规制导向的价格规制方法仍是今后上网电价改革的可行方向。
문장통과A고화전상시기업적수거，채용생산함수적수궤전연방법화이계단적Tobit회귀분석연구료생산요소투입、전개규제개혁대화전기업효솔적영향。실증결과표명재2001—2007년간。화전상시기업정종장궤궤조용량불족적“경단결”전위전매투입불족적“연단결”．전매수량성위발전량증장적최중요생산요소。화전기업적능원사용효솔월고，기업적기술효솔취월고。2005년래이격려성규제위도향적상망전개개혁현저지제고료화전상시기업적효솔。단시，당전기업적전개수평여기업적기술효솔병불현저상관。인차，진일보심화격려성규제도향적개격규제방법잉시금후상망전개개혁적가행방향。
Based on the data of A-share thermal power listed companies, the paper analyzes the effect of productive factor input and power price regulation reform on the efficiency of thermal power enterprises by using stochastic frontier approach of productive function and two-stage Tobit regression analysis. The empirical result shows that during the period from 2001 to 2007, thermal power listed companies have experienced a change from ＂hard shortage＂of insufficient installed unit capacity into＂soft shortage＂of insufficient power-and-coal input, and the quantity of power and coal has become the most important productive factor for power generation growth. The higher the energy utilization efficiency of a thermal power enterprise is, the higher the technical efficiency of the enterprise is. Since 2005, the incen- tive-regulation-oriented on-grid power price reform has significantly improved the efficiency of thermal power listed companies. However, at present the power price level of an enterprise is not significantly related to its technical efficiency. Therefore, it should deepen the price regulation approach oriented by incentive regulation in the future on-grid power price reform.