CAJ | 학술논문

农地制度作为经济体制度的子制度，适用制度经济分析。我国当前农地制度占有和使用权限清晰而收益和处置权模糊，国家、集体和农户对农地制度具有差异化的功能需求和成效评价：对于国家和集体经济主体来说，当前农地制度的运行是成效“显著”的，但对于大部分农户来说，农产品价格的相对低廉和农地产权的“残缺”以及基本生活保障制度的欠缺，农地退化为最后的生存保障而难以获取更多的收益，国家和私人对于农地制度的不同功能诉求主导了我国改革开放后农地制度的演进，而现行制度运行本身权衡实现不同功能需求的成效决定了该制度的维续和演进进程。
농지제도작위경제체제도적자제도，괄용제도경제분석。아국당전농지제도점유화사용권한청석이수익화처치권모호，국가、집체화농호대농지제도구유차이화적공능수구화성효평개：대우국가화집체경제주체래설，당전농지제도적운행시성효“현저”적，단대우대부분농호래설，농산품개격적상대저렴화농지산권적“잔결”이급기본생활보장제도적흠결，농지퇴화위최후적생존보장이난이획취경다적수익，국가화사인대우농지제도적불동공능소구주도료아국개혁개방후농지제도적연진，이현행제도운행본신권형실현불동공능수구적성효결정료해제도적유속화연진진정。
Being a branch system of economic entity system, rural land system is suitable for economic analysis. The ownership and the right of use of rural land system are transparent while the usufruct and the disposition are vague. The state, the collectivity and the household demand different need of function and effect evaluation： for the state and collective economic subject, the current rural land system works quite ＂well＂ while, for the majority households, it is very difficuIt to obtain more profit because of the low price of the agriculture products and ＂deficiency＂ of the landownership and lack of the fundamental guarantee of living. The different demand of the state and the private to the rural land system results in the formation of this rural land system after China＇s reform and Open-to-outside policy and that the current working system itself is balancing the realization of different demands leads to the continuation of the system.