CAJ | 학술논문

采用香港和美国的被试，运用亲密关系经历量表、冲突量表和社会支持量表，考察了冲突和支持对于情侣依恋影响的文化差异。结果发现，当以依恋焦虑为因变量时，冲突、支持和文化×冲突×支持都是显著的预测变量；当以依恋逃避为因变量时，仅文化和文化×支持是显著的预测变量。由此可见，文化影响冲突×支持与依恋焦虑的关系：在香港，情侣之间的冲突和支持各自对于依恋焦虑的作用在很大程度上相互抵消；在美国，情侣之间冲突的负面影响比支持的积极影响要强，冲突×支持越高，依恋焦虑越高。对于依恋逃避，文化差异仅调节支持与依恋逃避的关系：在香港，支持对依恋逃避的影响要比美国强。整个研究表明，对不同类型的情侣依恋，文化的调节作用不同。
채용향항화미국적피시，운용친밀관계경력량표、충돌량표화사회지지량표，고찰료충돌화지지대우정려의련영향적문화차이。결과발현，당이의련초필위인변량시，충돌、지지화문화×충돌×지지도시현저적예측변량；당이의련도피위인변량시，부문화화문화×지지시현저적예측변량。유차가견，문화영향충돌×지지여의련초필적관계：재향항，정려지간적충돌화지지각자대우의련초필적작용재흔대정도상상호저소；재미국，정려지간충돌적부면영향비지지적적겁영향요강，충돌×지지월고，의련초필월고。대우의련도피，문화차이부조절지지여의련도피적관계：재향항，지지대의련도피적영향요비미국강。정개연구표명，대불동류형적정려의련，문화적조절작용불동。
Secure intimate personal relationships play an important role in psychological adjustment and quality of life. So far, a growing body of evidence has supported the idea that the quality of intimate social relationships is highly associated with commitment, satisfaction, conflict, social support, etc. It was found that the hypervigilance of more anxiously attached individuals could intensify the monitoring and appraisal of relationship, which resulted in higher vulnerability to experiencing distress. Recently, it has been suggested that the frequency and intensity of daily emotions experienced in relationships （ i. e. , conflict） was a good barometer of how close individuals feel to their partners. Moreover, when highly anxious individuals realize that support is being offered from their romantic partners, no significant decline occurs in satisfaction of their romantic relationships across time. Obviously, the associations between attachment and conflict as well as social support have been extensively-studied, little is known about how romantic partner attachment is affected by conflict and social support cross-culturally. The purpose of the present study was to further investigate the relationships among romantic attachment, conflict, and social support, as well as the modulating effect of culture in these relationships. 153 HK university students （71 male and 82 female, age： M = 20.44 years）. Most of them participated in the present study in order to partially fulfill a course requirement, while some of them volunteered to participate with a HK $ 50 monetary reward. Their romantic relationships had lasted at least 3 months at that time as well （ M = 23.47 months）. 210 US university students （99 male and 111 female, age. M = 19.04 years） participated in the present study as part of a course requirement. All participants were currently involved at that time in a romantic relationship not less than 3 months （M = 17. 22 months ）. Participants received a battery of questionnaires which included the Experiences in Close Relationships Scale, the Conflict Measurement and Social Support Questionnaire. They completed the battery individually. The order of the questionnaires was randomized across the participants. The results indicated that conflict, social support and culture x conflict x social support were significant predictors of attachment anxiety. Such salient effect of culture x conflict x social support showed that in HK conflict x social support had little impact on attachment anxiety which indicated that the effects of conflict and support were more likely to counterbalance with each other, while in terms of US the negative effect of conflict was stronger than the positive effect of support. Therefore, in US the more conflict x social support increased, the more significantly attachment anxiety escalated. Regarding to attachment avoidance, the effects of culture and culture × social support were significant. That is, the effect of social support on attachment avoidance in HK is much stronger than that in US. The findings of the present study suggested culture modulated the relationships between different attachment styles, conflict, and support, which argued against the proposal of culture universality.