CAJ | 학술논문

“意思表示错误”或简称“错误”是意思表示瑕疵的一种，我国民事立法上只规定了重大误解制度，并没有意思表示错误制度的规定，且理论上对错误的研究还很薄弱，民事立法上的欠缺已经对现实生活造成了一定的障碍。因意思表示错误而订立的合同为错误合同。错误合同应属于可撤销的合同，撤销权应由主观上无重大过失的有瑕疵意思的当事人在发现错误后即时以明示的方式行使。错误合同撤销后，其效力原则上应溯及合同成立时无效，但在一些存在长期履行的合同关系中，行为人不得行使溯及既往的撤销权，而只能行使一项限于对未来产生效力的终止权。
“의사표시착오”혹간칭“착오”시의사표시하자적일충，아국민사입법상지규정료중대오해제도，병몰유의사표시착오제도적규정，차이론상대착오적연구환흔박약，민사입법상적흠결이경대현실생활조성료일정적장애。인의사표시착오이정립적합동위착오합동。착오합동응속우가철소적합동，철소권응유주관상무중대과실적유하자의사적당사인재발현착오후즉시이명시적방식행사。착오합동철소후，기효력원칙상응소급합동성립시무효，단재일사존재장기리행적합동관계중，행위인불득행사소급기왕적철소권，이지능행사일항한우대미래산생효력적종지권。
＂The meaning indicates error＂ or the abbreviated ＂error＂ means flaw. The Civil Legislation of China only defines great misunderstanding system but it doesn＇t have the stipulation of the meaning indicating error. Moreover, the research on error is not enough in theory. The deficiency in the Civil Legislation has caused great hindrance to the real life. Contracts which are signed on the basis of the meaning indicating error are fault contracts, which are revocable. The rights of revocation should be performed by the person concerned who has no great mistakes by expression when discovering errors. After the fault contracts are revoked, their force in principle that should date from the engagement of the contract is invalid. Performers mustn＇t exert former rights of revocation while they can exert rights of termination which have force to the future.