CAJ | 학술논문

农业技术是人类赖以生存和发展的最根本的方法和手段，并且为农业文明的延续和发展做出了巨大贡献，与此同时也对自然环境和社会的发展变迁产生了深远的影响。由于资源禀赋状况的差异，历史时期中西方农业技术发展走的是两条不同的道路，中国逐渐形成了以“节约土地”为核心的精耕细作的发展模式，欧洲则产生了以“节约劳动”为特点的农牧并举的发展模式。前者的高度拓展在取得阶段性开发成果的同时加剧了生态环境的恶化，后者由于发展水平的制约并没有取得像前者一样的开发成就，但却弱化了对生态环境的破坏；农业技术模式的路径依赖，是阻碍中国近代社会变革的重要因素，欧洲则突破了技术发展的桎梏，发生了农业革命和工业革命。
농업기술시인류뢰이생존화발전적최근본적방법화수단，병차위농업문명적연속화발전주출료거대공헌，여차동시야대자연배경화사회적발전변천산생료심원적영향。유우자원품부상황적차이，역사시기중서방농업기술발전주적시량조불동적도로，중국축점형성료이“절약토지”위핵심적정경세작적발전모식，구주칙산생료이“절약노동”위특점적농목병거적발전모식。전자적고도탁전재취득계단성개발성과적동시가극료생태배경적악화，후자유우발전수평적제약병몰유취득상전자일양적개발성취，단각약화료대생태배경적파배；농업기술모식적로경의뢰，시조애중국근대사회변혁적중요인소，구주칙돌파료기술발전적질곡，발생료농업혁명화공업혁명。
Agricultural technology is the most basic factor for the humanity＇s survival and development, and also contributes a lot to the continuity of the agriculture civilization. At the same time, agricultural technology has a profound influence on the natural environment and the development of society. Because of the difference of endowment of resources, the historical development of agricultural technology is different in China and the West. China forms an agricultural technological model with a core of ＂land saving ＂, while in the West, a model with a core of ＂labor saving＂ is formed. The level of agricultural technology in China is higher, but destruction of the environment is more serious. Stability of the Chinese development model hindered social transformation in early modem period. But in the same period, the agricultural and industrial revolutions in the west started a rapid development.