中国人口资源与环境
中國人口資源與環境
중국인구자원여배경
China Polulation.Resources and Environment
2009年
5期
28~32
,共null页
柳云龙 朱建青 施振香 林文鹏 高峻
柳雲龍 硃建青 施振香 林文鵬 高峻
류운룡 주건청 시진향 림문붕 고준
城市绿地 净化服务功能 价值评估 上海
城市綠地 淨化服務功能 價值評估 上海
성시록지 정화복무공능 개치평고 상해
city green space; cleaning services; value assessment; Shanghai;
城市绿地是维护城市生态系统稳定的重要因素,在改善城市环境、保障人体健康等方面起着重要的作用。本文在分析上海城市绿地数量动态变化及其空间分布状况的基础上,通过影子成本法、市场价值法对城市绿地净化服务功能价值进行了估算。结果表明,随着上海城市绿化的推进,城市绿地净化服务功能总价值从2001年的406600万元增加到2007年的835500万元,净增加值为428900万元,其平均年增长率达到15.06%。在城市绿地净化服务功能价值中,固碳释氧功能价值占总价值的95.97%,而净化空气和减弱噪声功能的价值只占4.03%,从2004年开始净化服务功能价值增长减缓,这和上海市绿地的建设速度趋缓是一致的。上海中心城区人口密度过高而绿地相对偏少,郊区相对人均绿地要高。而城市绿地在维持碳氧平衡、净化空气与减弱噪声等服务功能具有不可转移性,需要采取措施进一步提高城市绿化数量和质量,特别是中心城区,要通过立体的城市绿化模式,满足城市发展的需要。
城市綠地是維護城市生態繫統穩定的重要因素,在改善城市環境、保障人體健康等方麵起著重要的作用。本文在分析上海城市綠地數量動態變化及其空間分佈狀況的基礎上,通過影子成本法、市場價值法對城市綠地淨化服務功能價值進行瞭估算。結果錶明,隨著上海城市綠化的推進,城市綠地淨化服務功能總價值從2001年的406600萬元增加到2007年的835500萬元,淨增加值為428900萬元,其平均年增長率達到15.06%。在城市綠地淨化服務功能價值中,固碳釋氧功能價值佔總價值的95.97%,而淨化空氣和減弱譟聲功能的價值隻佔4.03%,從2004年開始淨化服務功能價值增長減緩,這和上海市綠地的建設速度趨緩是一緻的。上海中心城區人口密度過高而綠地相對偏少,郊區相對人均綠地要高。而城市綠地在維持碳氧平衡、淨化空氣與減弱譟聲等服務功能具有不可轉移性,需要採取措施進一步提高城市綠化數量和質量,特彆是中心城區,要通過立體的城市綠化模式,滿足城市髮展的需要。
성시록지시유호성시생태계통은정적중요인소,재개선성시배경、보장인체건강등방면기착중요적작용。본문재분석상해성시록지수량동태변화급기공간분포상황적기출상,통과영자성본법、시장개치법대성시록지정화복무공능개치진행료고산。결과표명,수착상해성시녹화적추진,성시록지정화복무공능총개치종2001년적406600만원증가도2007년적835500만원,정증가치위428900만원,기평균년증장솔체도15.06%。재성시록지정화복무공능개치중,고탄석양공능개치점총개치적95.97%,이정화공기화감약조성공능적개치지점4.03%,종2004년개시정화복무공능개치증장감완,저화상해시록지적건설속도추완시일치적。상해중심성구인구밀도과고이록지상대편소,교구상대인균록지요고。이성시록지재유지탄양평형、정화공기여감약조성등복무공능구유불가전이성,수요채취조시진일보제고성시녹화수량화질량,특별시중심성구,요통과입체적성시녹화모식,만족성시발전적수요。
City green space played very important role in keeping the stability of urban ecosystem and improving urban environment and human health.Based on analysis of city green space area and spatial distribution,using displacement cost method and market value method,urban green cleaning service value was estimated.The results indicated that with the improvement of urban afforestation,total urban green land cleaning service value increased dramatically from 4 066 million yuan RMB to 8 355 million yuan RMB from 2001 to 2007. There was a15.06% net increase in annual value of urban green land cleaning service. The value of CO2 fixation and 02 release was 95.97% of tota cleaning value, while the value of cleanfng air and reduced noise was only 4.03 %. Since 2004, increase of urban green land cleaning service value had been lessened because of the lessening speed of urban green land development. Compared with large urban green land area per capita in suburbs, relatively lower population density and urban green land amount exsit in central city. But functions of urban green land it maintaining the carbon and oxigen balance, cleaning air and reducing noise could not been tmnfered in different areas. So some measures should be taken to increase the amount and quality of city green land, especially for central urbanarea. Urban three-dimensional afforestatior should be taken to improve central urban environment quality.
