生态经济
生態經濟
생태경제
Ecological Economy
2009年
11期
107~110
,共null页
冬小麦(Trificum aesfivum L.) 施氮量 土壤贮水量 产量 黄土旱塬
鼕小麥(Trificum aesfivum L.) 施氮量 土壤貯水量 產量 黃土旱塬
동소맥(Trificum aesfivum L.) 시담량 토양저수량 산량 황토한원
winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.); nitrogen application; soil moisture dynamics; grain yield; rain-fed farmland of the Loess Plateau
为了探明施氮量对黄土旱塬区冬小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)籽粒产量和麦田土壤水分动态的影响规律,以抗旱性冬小麦品种长武58为供试材料,于2006~2008年连续两个年度在陕西省长武县对不同施氮量条件下麦田土壤贮水量动态、耗水规律、小麦产量和夏闲期降水补给率等特征进行研究。结果表明,麦田土壤贮水量随季节和降水明显变化,同一生育时期27m土层的土壤贮水量基本随施氮量的增加而减少。偏早年每公顷施氮300kg和平水年每公顷施氮225kg均能够获得当年最大的籽粒产量和水分利用效率。每公顷施氮75kg和225kg均能在夏闲期获得较大的降水补给率。每公顷施氮225kg更有利于黄土旱塬区冬小麦的高产和稳产。
為瞭探明施氮量對黃土旱塬區鼕小麥(Triticum aestivum L.)籽粒產量和麥田土壤水分動態的影響規律,以抗旱性鼕小麥品種長武58為供試材料,于2006~2008年連續兩箇年度在陝西省長武縣對不同施氮量條件下麥田土壤貯水量動態、耗水規律、小麥產量和夏閒期降水補給率等特徵進行研究。結果錶明,麥田土壤貯水量隨季節和降水明顯變化,同一生育時期27m土層的土壤貯水量基本隨施氮量的增加而減少。偏早年每公頃施氮300kg和平水年每公頃施氮225kg均能夠穫得噹年最大的籽粒產量和水分利用效率。每公頃施氮75kg和225kg均能在夏閒期穫得較大的降水補給率。每公頃施氮225kg更有利于黃土旱塬區鼕小麥的高產和穩產。
위료탐명시담량대황토한원구동소맥(Triticum aestivum L.)자립산량화맥전토양수분동태적영향규률,이항한성동소맥품충장무58위공시재료,우2006~2008년련속량개년도재합서성장무현대불동시담량조건하맥전토양저수량동태、모수규률、소맥산량화하한기강수보급솔등특정진행연구。결과표명,맥전토양저수량수계절화강수명현변화,동일생육시기27m토층적토양저수량기본수시담량적증가이감소。편조년매공경시담300kg화평수년매공경시담225kg균능구획득당년최대적자립산량화수분이용효솔。매공경시담75kg화225kg균능재하한기획득교대적강수보급솔。매공경시담225kg경유리우황토한원구동소맥적고산화은산。
A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of nitrogen application on winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grain yield and soil moisture dynamics in rain-fed farmland of the Loess Plateau, China. Soil moisture storage, water consumption, grain yield and precipitation recharge rate in summer fallow period under different N application were studied by using the drought resistance winter wheat cultivar Changwu58 as test material from 2006 to 2008 in Changwu county, Shaanxi province. The results showed that soil moisture storage in 2.7m soil layers changed with season and precipitation, and decreased with the increasing of nitrogen application. Both 300 kgN·ha^-1 in dry year and 225 kgN·ha^-1 in average precipitation year could receive the maximum grain yield and water use efficiency. Both 75 kgN·ha^-1 and 225kgN·ha^-1 could receive higher precipitation recharge rate than other treatments. 225 kgN·ha^-1 was regarded as the optimum nitrogen application for high and stable winter wheat grain yield in rain-fed farmland of the Loess Plateau.