CAJ | 학술논문

近年来，公共行为使用的技术在世界范围内发生了革命性变化。这些变化主要表现为解决公共问题的新工具数量激增。更重要的是，这些广泛应用的新工具有一个共同特征：它们的运作具有间接性，表现为由公共部门投资及授权的政策项目在执行中通常广泛地纳入各种“第三方”组织。已有的政府改革文献并没有明确认识到这些新工具的广泛应用程度及其意义，也没有正确理解其带来的公共管理、问责制度以及合法性等方面的特殊挑战。应对这些挑战需要一个新的范式，笔者称为“新政府治理”。该范式注重对各种政策工具的清晰理解，承认解决现代公共问题需要高度的协作，并且强调使用这些政策工具所要求的“赋能”。中国正在试验许多新政策工具，其他国家和地区在解决相关问题时积累的知识与经验应能使中国避免走弯路。
근년래，공공행위사용적기술재세계범위내발생료혁명성변화。저사변화주요표현위해결공공문제적신공구수량격증。경중요적시，저사엄범응용적신공구유일개공동특정：타문적운작구유간접성，표현위유공공부문투자급수권적정책항목재집행중통상엄범지납입각충“제삼방”조직。이유적정부개혁문헌병몰유명학인식도저사신공구적엄범응용정도급기의의，야몰유정학리해기대래적공공관리、문책제도이급합법성등방면적특수도전。응대저사도전수요일개신적범식，필자칭위“신정부치리”。해범식주중대각충정책공구적청석리해，승인해결현대공공문제수요고도적협작，병차강조사용저사정책공구소요구적“부능”。중국정재시험허다신정책공구，기타국가화지구재해결상관문제시적루적지식여경험응능사중국피면주만로。
A revolution has occurred in recent years in the technology of public action, throughout the world. The heart of this revolution has been a proliferation of new ＂tools＂ or ＂instruments＂ for addressing public problems. What is more, many of the newer, or more widely used, tools share a common feature： they are indirect in their operation, engaging a variety of ＂third parties＂ in the operation of publicly financed and authorized programs. Existing government reform literature has failed to understand the scope or implications of this major development or to appreciate the special challenges it poses for public management, for accountability, and for basic democratic legitimacy. To cope with this phenomenon, therefore, a new paradigm is needed, a ＂new govemance,＂ that focuses squarely on the different tools, acknowledges the deeply collaborative nature of modem public problem - solving, and highlights the new ＂enablement skills＂ that are consequently required. China is in the midst of experimenting with many of these new tools and can usefully benefit from the knowledge and experience that has accumulated about them elsewhere to avoid problems that other countries have encountered.