现代法学
現代法學
현대법학
Modern Law Science
2009年
6期
143~149
,共null页
土地 刑法 环境
土地 刑法 環境
토지 형법 배경
land ; criminal law ; environment
现行土地刑法规范存在立法目的以保护人类利益为中心，刑事法网不严密，以及个罪犯罪主体设定不合理、入罪门槛过高、司法认定困难等缺陷，不利于土地资源的保护，应予调整、完善。刑法应承认环境权益的独立性，并将其视为与人类利益并重的法益加以保护；还应对现有罪名的犯罪构成作相关修正。建议增设违规出让国有土地使用权罪、非法征收不动产罪、破坏土地质量罪等3个新罪名，以弥补刑法保护的漏洞。
現行土地刑法規範存在立法目的以保護人類利益為中心，刑事法網不嚴密，以及箇罪犯罪主體設定不閤理、入罪門檻過高、司法認定睏難等缺陷，不利于土地資源的保護，應予調整、完善。刑法應承認環境權益的獨立性，併將其視為與人類利益併重的法益加以保護；還應對現有罪名的犯罪構成作相關脩正。建議增設違規齣讓國有土地使用權罪、非法徵收不動產罪、破壞土地質量罪等3箇新罪名，以瀰補刑法保護的漏洞。
현행토지형법규범존재입법목적이보호인류이익위중심，형사법망불엄밀，이급개죄범죄주체설정불합리、입죄문함과고、사법인정곤난등결함，불리우토지자원적보호，응여조정、완선。형법응승인배경권익적독립성，병장기시위여인류이익병중적법익가이보호；환응대현유죄명적범죄구성작상관수정。건의증설위규출양국유토지사용권죄、비법정수불동산죄、파배토지질량죄등3개신죄명，이미보형법보호적루동。
Since China＇s existing land criminal law tends to focus on protection of human interests, it inevitably develops such defects as uncertainty of imposition of punishment, unreasonable description of the perpetrator of certain crime, too rigorous requirements of criminalization, and difficulty for courts to determine crime, which is held not conducive to protection of land resources and thus should be repaired. Firstly, the distinctness of environmental rights should be admitted in criminal law and they should be deemed and protected as legal rights as human interests. Secondly, the elements of constitution of existing crimes should be altered. Finally, to plug criminal law loophole, the following three offenses should be added ： illegal transfer of right to use state land, illegal land requisition and deteriorating land quality.
