体育科学
體育科學
체육과학
China Sport Science
2010年
1期
44~50
,共null页
孙有平 隋新梅 钱风雷 李延军 戴伟民
孫有平 隋新梅 錢風雷 李延軍 戴偉民
손유평 수신매 전풍뢰 리연군 대위민
表面肌电 旋转推铅球 男子 单支撑 肌肉用力特征
錶麵肌電 鏇轉推鉛毬 男子 單支撐 肌肉用力特徵
표면기전 선전추연구 남자 단지탱 기육용력특정
surface electromyography（sEMG）; body-rotating shot put; man; one-leg supporting; characteristics of muscle force;
采用遥测肌电测试并结合影像解析,对我国优秀男子铅球运动员张竣旋转推铅球单支撑阶段的主要用力肌肉及其用力顺序、用力范围和主要用力肌肉之间的协调关系等问题进行了研究。研究结果表明,张竣单支撑阶段主要发力肌肉是左腿起支撑作用的肌肉（左腿股外侧肌和左腿腓肠肌）和维持身体姿势的肌肉（右侧背阔肌和右腿股二头肌）;主要发力肌肉的用力顺序（左腿腓肠肌内侧→左腿股外侧肌→右腿股二头肌→右侧背阔肌中部）是按照由下往上、由左至右进行的;张竣单支撑阶段主要肌肉的用力范围（即肌肉横跨关节的角度变化值）：肩髋夹角为26.3°～52.1°、左髋角为116.7°～168.7°、左腿膝关节角度为120.7°～156.3°、右膝角为79.2°～172.7°、右髋角为112.5°～143.5°;张竣在单支撑阶段右腿肌肉用力的协调性不好,主动肌（右腿股内侧肌）发力时,拮抗肌（右腿股二头肌）没有适时放松,影响了其肌肉做功的整体效果。
採用遙測肌電測試併結閤影像解析,對我國優秀男子鉛毬運動員張竣鏇轉推鉛毬單支撐階段的主要用力肌肉及其用力順序、用力範圍和主要用力肌肉之間的協調關繫等問題進行瞭研究。研究結果錶明,張竣單支撐階段主要髮力肌肉是左腿起支撐作用的肌肉（左腿股外側肌和左腿腓腸肌）和維持身體姿勢的肌肉（右側揹闊肌和右腿股二頭肌）;主要髮力肌肉的用力順序（左腿腓腸肌內側→左腿股外側肌→右腿股二頭肌→右側揹闊肌中部）是按照由下往上、由左至右進行的;張竣單支撐階段主要肌肉的用力範圍（即肌肉橫跨關節的角度變化值）：肩髖夾角為26.3°～52.1°、左髖角為116.7°～168.7°、左腿膝關節角度為120.7°～156.3°、右膝角為79.2°～172.7°、右髖角為112.5°～143.5°;張竣在單支撐階段右腿肌肉用力的協調性不好,主動肌（右腿股內側肌）髮力時,拮抗肌（右腿股二頭肌）沒有適時放鬆,影響瞭其肌肉做功的整體效果。
채용요측기전측시병결합영상해석,대아국우수남자연구운동원장준선전추연구단지탱계단적주요용력기육급기용력순서、용력범위화주요용력기육지간적협조관계등문제진행료연구。연구결과표명,장준단지탱계단주요발력기육시좌퇴기지탱작용적기육（좌퇴고외측기화좌퇴비장기）화유지신체자세적기육（우측배활기화우퇴고이두기）;주요발력기육적용력순서（좌퇴비장기내측→좌퇴고외측기→우퇴고이두기→우측배활기중부）시안조유하왕상、유좌지우진행적;장준단지탱계단주요기육적용력범위（즉기육횡과관절적각도변화치）：견관협각위26.3°～52.1°、좌관각위116.7°～168.7°、좌퇴슬관절각도위120.7°～156.3°、우슬각위79.2°～172.7°、우관각위112.5°～143.5°;장준재단지탱계단우퇴기육용력적협조성불호,주동기（우퇴고내측기）발력시,길항기（우퇴고이두기）몰유괄시방송,영향료기기육주공적정체효과。
Telemetry sEMG and image analysis were used to investigate an elite male shot-putter,ZHANG Jun during one-leg supporting and body rotating phase. The dominant muscles exerting force and their coordination, the order and scope of exertion were measured and evaluated in the study. The results were as follows： During one-leg supporting and body rotating phase, the shot-putter＇ s exerting muscles were vastus lateralis and gastrocnemius within left leg, and the right latissimus dorsi and biceps femoris within right leg. The exerting order of muscles was from bottom to top and from left to right （medial gastrocnemius within left leg→ vastus lateralis within left leg→biceps femoris within right leg→the central section of right latissimus dorsi）. Exerting scope of the major muscle force（angle changes of muscles of the crossjoint） ： 26. 3°-52. 1° shoulder-hip angle, 116. 7°-168. 7° left hip angle, 120. 7°- 156.3° left knee angle, 79.2°-172.7° right knee angle,and 112.5°-143.5° right hip angle. The shot-putter showed a worse muscle coordination within right leg during one-leg supporting phase,the antagonist muscle （right biceps femoris） was not relaxed exactly when the active muscle （right vastus medialis muscle） was making force, which reduced the overall effects of muscle working.
