CAJ | 학술논문

在具体分析孔子人性论的时候，我们应该区分原始人性与现实人性。孔子并没有明确界定原始人性的善恶，但是他认为一小部分人的品性极善、资质很高；另一部分人的品性不好、资质愚钝；此外，绝大部分人属于“中人”，这部分人之间的本性差不多，孔子没有作出明确的善恶判断。孔子认为现实人性包含有对名利富贵的欲望，但是名利富贵要通过正当的途径来获得，并且欲望不能过度，纵欲是人性变坏的主要原因。此外，统治者的乱政是导致人性变坏的外部原因。所以他又主张通过礼法来约束欲望。
재구체분석공자인성론적시후，아문응해구분원시인성여현실인성。공자병몰유명학계정원시인성적선악，단시타인위일소부분인적품성겁선、자질흔고；령일부분인적품성불호、자질우둔；차외，절대부분인속우“중인”，저부분인지간적본성차불다，공자몰유작출명학적선악판단。공자인위현실인성포함유대명리부귀적욕망，단시명리부귀요통과정당적도경래획득，병차욕망불능과도，종욕시인성변배적주요원인。차외，통치자적란정시도치인성변배적외부원인。소이타우주장통과례법래약속욕망。
To analyze concretely the human nature, it was necessary to distinguish the primitive human nature and the realistic human nature. Confucius did not define the good and the evil of primitive human nature, but he thought there was a little part people whose human nature were the best, and the other little part were not the better. The most people＇ s talent and nature were moderate, and their nature have hardly any diffreces. Confcius did not give the definite judgment of good and evil to the most people＇ s nature. He thought the realistic human nature included the desires of fame and wealth which should be attained by the just methods and could not be excess which was the main reason to degenerate human.