CAJ | 학술논문

生员进学年龄的大小与科举制度运作、朝廷文教政策、传统教育风习及当地社会文化区域概貌等密切关联。目前学界对清代生员的进学年龄虽有估算，认为平均年龄在24岁，但存在取样偏少，局限特定时段、单一地域等问题。以近年出版的“北京图书馆藏珍本年谱丛刊”所收清人年谱为依据，统计分析其中277位有确切记载的来自全国各地的士子考取生员时的年龄，得到平均为19．72（虚）岁的结果。生员进学年龄比之前估算的要低得多，提示清代科举人口的数量应重新计算，也为今人对旧时中国教育普及程度的重新认识提供了重要旁证。
생원진학년령적대소여과거제도운작、조정문교정책、전통교육풍습급당지사회문화구역개모등밀절관련。목전학계대청대생원적진학년령수유고산，인위평균년령재24세，단존재취양편소，국한특정시단、단일지역등문제。이근년출판적“북경도서관장진본년보총간”소수청인년보위의거，통계분석기중277위유학절기재적래자전국각지적사자고취생원시적년령，득도평균위19．72（허）세적결과。생원진학년령비지전고산적요저득다，제시청대과거인구적수량응중신계산，야위금인대구시중국교육보급정도적중신인식제공료중요방증。
The admission age for Qing shengyuan（licentiate） was deeply related to the implementation of the Civil Service Examination, the dynasty＇s cultural and educational policies, the traditional education customs, and the region＇s general socio-cultural conditions. Scholars have estimated the admission age for Qing shengyuan-24 years old. However, there are several limitations in their researches. They have not studied enough samples and their researches are limited to a specific time period or to a single location. Based on chronological biographies（nianpu） of Qing persons from the recently published Journals of Chronicles Kept at Beijing Library, this article counts and analyzes 277 degree holders＇ admission ages for shengyuan and the statistics shows that the average age for admission was 19. 72 years old. The average age was much lower than that the previous scholars have estimated. This result reveals that the number of the population who took the Civil Service Examination needs recalculation. It also provides important circumstantial evidence for present persons to reconsider the popularity of education in old China.