山东师范大学学报：人文社会科学版
山東師範大學學報：人文社會科學版
산동사범대학학보：인문사회과학판
Journal of Shandong Normal University(Social Science Edition)
2010年
1期
16~21
,共null页
于 方所介词 语法意义 语言环境
于 方所介詞 語法意義 語言環境
우 방소개사 어법의의 어언배경
yu; positional preposition; grammatical meaning; linguistic environment
商周时期的＂于＂通常作连动结构的后项,同时也可用于非＂去到＂义的动词之后,这意味着＂于＂逐渐虚化为表行为方所的标志,由动词转化为介词。＂于＂除了可介引具体地点的名词,还可介引表抽象事物的名词或形容词。正是由于所涉及的参与者角色的更换,使得具有典型运动特征的语义场中相关联的、有限的几个题元角色关系可以向其它更多的语义场转移。谓语动词的改变,是＂于＂语法意义变化的主要动因,此外上下文语境也起了一定的作用。
商週時期的＂于＂通常作連動結構的後項,同時也可用于非＂去到＂義的動詞之後,這意味著＂于＂逐漸虛化為錶行為方所的標誌,由動詞轉化為介詞。＂于＂除瞭可介引具體地點的名詞,還可介引錶抽象事物的名詞或形容詞。正是由于所涉及的參與者角色的更換,使得具有典型運動特徵的語義場中相關聯的、有限的幾箇題元角色關繫可以嚮其它更多的語義場轉移。謂語動詞的改變,是＂于＂語法意義變化的主要動因,此外上下文語境也起瞭一定的作用。
상주시기적＂우＂통상작련동결구적후항,동시야가용우비＂거도＂의적동사지후,저의미착＂우＂축점허화위표행위방소적표지,유동사전화위개사。＂우＂제료가개인구체지점적명사,환가개인표추상사물적명사혹형용사。정시유우소섭급적삼여자각색적경환,사득구유전형운동특정적어의장중상관련적、유한적궤개제원각색관계가이향기타경다적어의장전이。위어동사적개변,시＂우＂어법의의변화적주요동인,차외상하문어경야기료일정적작용。
During the Shang and the Zhou Dynasty,yu was employed usually as the behind item for the consecutive-verb structure,and at the same time was used just after the verb the meaning of ＂not to go（somewhere）,too.This means that yu has gradually been semantically weakened into a indicator of positions.That is to say,it has changed from a verb into a preposition.In addition to introducing nouns of specific places,yu also introduces nouns or adjectives expressing the abstract.It is precisely the switch between the participants that makes the relavent few thematic roles within the semantic field typical of movement transfer to more semantic fileds.The changes of the predicate verb are the main dynamic for the changes of the grammatical meanings of Yu.Of course its context has,too,played a certain role.
