环球法律评论
環毬法律評論
배구법률평론
Global Law Review
2010年
2期
78~86
,共null页
迟延履行 违约金 诉讼时效 起算
遲延履行 違約金 訴訟時效 起算
지연리행 위약금 소송시효 기산
迟延履行违约金因其递增性而具有金额的持续变动性、与迟延履行的关联性、各期债权产生原因的同一性、履行期的未定性等特征，其性质是作为次债务的一种约定的、转变的损害赔偿之债。现行法对其诉讼时效自何时起算无明确规定，导致理论与实务中缺乏统一见解。现有的四种立场均存在理论逻辑和可操作性上的不足。此类违约金之债的诉讼时效应从履行迟延终了时起算，这符合诉讼时效的基本宗旨和迟延履行违约金设定的本意，也更为公平合理。
遲延履行違約金因其遞增性而具有金額的持續變動性、與遲延履行的關聯性、各期債權產生原因的同一性、履行期的未定性等特徵，其性質是作為次債務的一種約定的、轉變的損害賠償之債。現行法對其訴訟時效自何時起算無明確規定，導緻理論與實務中缺乏統一見解。現有的四種立場均存在理論邏輯和可操作性上的不足。此類違約金之債的訴訟時效應從履行遲延終瞭時起算，這符閤訴訟時效的基本宗旨和遲延履行違約金設定的本意，也更為公平閤理。
지연리행위약금인기체증성이구유금액적지속변동성、여지연리행적관련성、각기채권산생원인적동일성、리행기적미정성등특정，기성질시작위차채무적일충약정적、전변적손해배상지채。현행법대기소송시효자하시기산무명학규정，도치이론여실무중결핍통일견해。현유적사충립장균존재이론라집화가조작성상적불족。차류위약금지채적소송시효응종리행지연종료시기산，저부합소송시효적기본종지화지연리행위약금설정적본의，야경위공평합리。
Due to its nature of progressive increase, breach of contract damages in respect to the delay in performance has the characteristics such as sustained change of damage amount, the relevancy to the delay in performance, the sameness of causes leading to credit, and the uncertainty of performance period. Breach of contract damages in respect to the delay in performance, in essence, is a kind of obligation of damages agreed on as a secondary debt. As the present law does not define clearly when the limitation of action in case of breach of contract damages in respect to delay in performance begins, there lacks a unified understanding in theory and in practice. And none of today＇ s four standpoints can be supported by theoretic logic and operational functions. The author points out that limitation of action with respect to obligation of breach of contract damages should begin with the end of delay in performance. This approach is consistent with the basic objective of limitation of action and the original intent set for breach of contract damages with respect to the delay in performance, and is also more fair and reasonable.
