CAJ | 학술논문

由于生产技术及产业间资本有机构成不同，不同产业存在不同的资本替代劳动的可能程度，这种程度可以用替代弹性衡量，各产业替代弹性的大小分布即为资本替代劳动的产业特征。在总产出不变的情况下，由于人均资本增加，替代弹性大于1时，将导致劳动的总收入减少，进而就业减少，替代弹性小于1时，则就业增加。利用CES生产函数对我国资本—劳动替代弹性的初步测算表明，我国整体资本替代劳动的可能程度处于中性，但第二产业则存在严重程度的资本替代劳动趋势。
유우생산기술급산업간자본유궤구성불동，불동산업존재불동적자본체대노동적가능정도，저충정도가이용체대탄성형량，각산업체대탄성적대소분포즉위자본체대노동적산업특정。재총산출불변적정황하，유우인균자본증가，체대탄성대우1시，장도치노동적총수입감소，진이취업감소，체대탄성소우1시，칙취업증가。이용CES생산함수대아국자본—노동체대탄성적초보측산표명，아국정체자본체대노동적가능정도처우중성，단제이산업칙존재엄중정도적자본체대노동추세。
Because of the different production technologies and different organic composition of capital in different industries, there are different extents of capital replacing labor in different industries, which can be measured with substitution elasticity, and the size and distribution of the substitution elasticity in each industry are the industry characteristics of capital substitution for labor. In the condition that the total output is unchanged, because of the increase in the capital per capita, when the substitution elasticity is larger than 1, the total income of laborers will decrease and thus employment will decrease ; when the substitution elasticity of is less than 1, the employment will increase. The preliminary calculations of the substitution elasticity of capital - labor in our country with CES production function indicate that China＇s overall level of capital substitution for labor is neutral, but there exists an obvious trend of capital substitution for labor in the secondary industry.