CAJ | 학술논문

动态劳动需求描述了劳动力应对外部冲击的调整过程，是劳动力市场灵活性的重要体现，本文首次使用动态面板数据，对我国的动态劳动需求进行了研究，并检验了就业保护制度对动态劳动需求的影响。结果发现，我国国有及具有规模以上非国有工业企业的就业调整存在明显的刚性，遇到外部冲击时，企业需要2．56年时间完成劳动力调整的50％，对雇佣和解雇行为进行管制的就业保护制度显著减缓了劳动力调整速度。当经济环境变好时，就业保护制度减缓了企业劳动力投入的增长速度；当经济环境恶化时，就业保护制度减缓了企业裁减劳动力的速度。总体来说，就业保护有利于维护已经就业的劳动者的利益，但会使失业劳动者和新进入劳动力市场的劳动者寻找工作更加困难。
동태노동수구묘술료노동력응대외부충격적조정과정，시노동력시장령활성적중요체현，본문수차사용동태면판수거，대아국적동태노동수구진행료연구，병검험료취업보호제도대동태노동수구적영향。결과발현，아국국유급구유규모이상비국유공업기업적취업조정존재명현적강성，우도외부충격시，기업수요2．56년시간완성노동력조정적50％，대고용화해고행위진행관제적취업보호제도현저감완료노동력조정속도。당경제배경변호시，취업보호제도감완료기업노동력투입적증장속도；당경제배경악화시，취업보호제도감완료기업재감노동력적속도。총체래설，취업보호유리우유호이경취업적노동자적이익，단회사실업노동자화신진입노동력시장적노동자심조공작경가곤난。
Dynamic labor demand describes labor adjustment responding to market shock. It＇s an import indicator of labor market flexibility. This paper studies the dynamic labor demand of China based on dynamic panel data, and tests the impact of employment protection regulations on dynamic labor demand. It shows that there exits rigidities in employment adjustment. When there is one-time change in output or wage, it requires 2.56 years for 50% of labor adjustment to be complete. Employment protection regulations decrease the adjustment speed of labor. They decrease the growth speed of labor input when positive shock happens, and also decrease the speed of dismissal when negative shock happens. Employment protection regulations protect the right of workers who are employed, but make it＇s more difficult to find the jobs for the unemployed workers and the new entrants.