金融研究
金融研究
금융연구
Journal of Financial Research
2010年
3期
194~206
,共null页
倍差法 金融财政化 自我可持续 目标客户覆盖面
倍差法 金融財政化 自我可持續 目標客戶覆蓋麵
배차법 금융재정화 자아가지속 목표객호복개면
difference in difference method, distribute loans for fiscal purpose, self-sustainability, outreach to target clientele
农信社改革改善金融支农功能有两项目标，一是提高农信社对具还款能力和还款意愿的农户的贷款覆盖面；二是减少非商业化导向的农户贷款，解决利用金融手段履行财政职能的问题。本文利用全国农村固定观察点农户调查数据，采用倍差法，通过研究2003年启动的农信社改革对于不同类型农户借贷获得的影响，分析上述两项目标是否达到。2003～2006年，年内获得农信社贷款的农户比例呈下降趋势，这说明改革后农信社农户贷款的覆盖面反而在减少。倍差法分析表明，无论第一批还是第二批省份农信社改革试点，都没有显著促进农户信贷的总体覆盖面。其中，改革引致贫困村农户的信贷可得性下降，农信社将信贷资源选择性配给到贫困村的问题有所缓解。对于非贫困村农户，第一批试点省份改革仅改善了以农业为主业农户的信贷可得性，第二批试点省份改革则对各类农户贷款获得都没有显著影响。本文的实证研究证明：上一轮农信社改革减弱了金融财政化问题，但并未更好满足农户有效信贷需求。
農信社改革改善金融支農功能有兩項目標，一是提高農信社對具還款能力和還款意願的農戶的貸款覆蓋麵；二是減少非商業化導嚮的農戶貸款，解決利用金融手段履行財政職能的問題。本文利用全國農村固定觀察點農戶調查數據，採用倍差法，通過研究2003年啟動的農信社改革對于不同類型農戶藉貸穫得的影響，分析上述兩項目標是否達到。2003～2006年，年內穫得農信社貸款的農戶比例呈下降趨勢，這說明改革後農信社農戶貸款的覆蓋麵反而在減少。倍差法分析錶明，無論第一批還是第二批省份農信社改革試點，都沒有顯著促進農戶信貸的總體覆蓋麵。其中，改革引緻貧睏村農戶的信貸可得性下降，農信社將信貸資源選擇性配給到貧睏村的問題有所緩解。對于非貧睏村農戶，第一批試點省份改革僅改善瞭以農業為主業農戶的信貸可得性，第二批試點省份改革則對各類農戶貸款穫得都沒有顯著影響。本文的實證研究證明：上一輪農信社改革減弱瞭金融財政化問題，但併未更好滿足農戶有效信貸需求。
농신사개혁개선금융지농공능유량항목표，일시제고농신사대구환관능력화환관의원적농호적대관복개면；이시감소비상업화도향적농호대관，해결이용금융수단리행재정직능적문제。본문이용전국농촌고정관찰점농호조사수거，채용배차법，통과연구2003년계동적농신사개혁대우불동류형농호차대획득적영향，분석상술량항목표시부체도。2003～2006년，년내획득농신사대관적농호비례정하강추세，저설명개혁후농신사농호대관적복개면반이재감소。배차법분석표명，무론제일비환시제이비성빈농신사개혁시점，도몰유현저촉진농호신대적총체복개면。기중，개혁인치빈곤촌농호적신대가득성하강，농신사장신대자원선택성배급도빈곤촌적문제유소완해。대우비빈곤촌농호，제일비시점성빈개혁부개선료이농업위주업농호적신대가득성，제이비시점성빈개혁칙대각류농호대관획득도몰유현저영향。본문적실증연구증명：상일륜농신사개혁감약료금융재정화문제，단병미경호만족농호유효신대수구。
The goal of RCC reform is to broaden the access to finance to those creditworthy clients, while avoid distributing non-commercial loans for fiscal purpose. By using the ＂fixed site＂ rural household panel data, this paper studies whether the Rural Credit Cooperative （RCC） reform started from 2003 have achieved the goals from the perspective of access to credit for the rural household in China. The outreach of RCC loan to rural household has declined during 2003 to 2006. The differences in difference analysis further confirm the reform didn＇t enhance the outreach to the rural household. The decrease in access to RCC loan in poor villages may have positive meanings, as the RCC has changed from selective credit allocation to the poor areas. But it＇s clear the RCC reform have little effect in promoting loan outreach to viable rural household clients. The pilot RCC reform in 2003 only benefits those rural household from the non-poor villages and major in agriculture, the follow up RCC reform in 2004 not even benefits the agriculture household. This empirical study shows the latest round of RCC reform did weaken the problem of distributing loans for fiscal purpose, but fails to improve and broaden loan service to satisfy the financing need of rural household.
