CAJ | 학술논문

国际贸易使国外R＆D的外部性扩展到国内，于是一国全要素生产率的增长可以突破单一国家的限制，国际贸易成为技术溢出的重要渠道。由Coe and Helpman开创的通过构造“国外研发资本存量”变量，以国际R＆D溢出分析框架研究贸易的技术溢出的方法被广泛地应用于宏观、中观和微观层面的研究。宏观层面，学者们从计量方法、国外R＆D测算、溢出渠道、溢出条件几个方面拓展了CH模型；中观层面，国内外行业内、行业间的R＆D溢出得到区分和比较，行业的技术特征对溢出效果的影响得到关注；微观层面，研究的结论相当多元，难于得出进出口贸易提高企业生产率的结论．
국제무역사국외R＆D적외부성확전도국내，우시일국전요소생산솔적증장가이돌파단일국가적한제，국제무역성위기술일출적중요거도。유Coe and Helpman개창적통과구조“국외연발자본존량”변량，이국제R＆D일출분석광가연구무역적기술일출적방법피엄범지응용우굉관、중관화미관층면적연구。굉관층면，학자문종계량방법、국외R＆D측산、일출거도、일출조건궤개방면탁전료CH모형；중관층면，국내외행업내、행업간적R＆D일출득도구분화비교，행업적기술특정대일출효과적영향득도관주；미관층면，연구적결론상당다원，난우득출진출구무역제고기업생산솔적결론．
International trade extends R＆D externality from overseas to domestic markets, which leads to the breaking-through of a single national market limitation in the growth of domestic total-factor productivity. Thus, international trade becomes an important channel for technology spillovers. The approach initiated by Coe and Helpman- ＂by constructing variable of ＇foreign R＆D capital stock＇ to analyze international R＆D spillovers＂ has been widely applied in researches on different scopes. At the macroscopic level, researchers expand CH model from econometric method, foreign R＆D estimation, spillover channel, spillover condition and so on. At the mediumscopic level, R＆D spillover effects of intra-industry and inter-industry are distinguished and compared, and the effects of industrial technology characteristics are paid attention to. At the microscopic level, conclusions are diversified, and it is hard to conclude that trade enhances the efficiency of enterprises. In the end, the paper summarizes the researches at home and points out the directions for further researches.