中国人口资源与环境
中國人口資源與環境
중국인구자원여배경
China Polulation.Resources and Environment
2010年
5期
64~69
,共null页
李亦秋 冯仲科 韩烈保 刘荣霞 邓欧 韩德梁 付静尘
李亦鞦 馮仲科 韓烈保 劉榮霞 鄧歐 韓德樑 付靜塵
리역추 풍중과 한렬보 류영하 산구 한덕량 부정진
网格数据 丹江口库区及上游 土壤保持量 价值 RUSLE模型
網格數據 丹江口庫區及上遊 土壤保持量 價值 RUSLE模型
망격수거 단강구고구급상유 토양보지량 개치 RUSLE모형
grid data; Danjiangkou Reservoir Basin and upstream;quantity of soil conservation value; RUSLE model
以RUSLE为模型的基本框架，以GIS、RS软件为技术平台，利用GIS强大的空间数据组织分析运算能力，将项目规划区各土壤侵蚀影响因子的遥感数据与非遥感数据网格化。通过网格数据的空间分析和模型运算，实现生态系统土壤保持量的区域性宏观定位定量评价。估算结果表明：研究区土壤保持总量林地最高。草地次之，水域等其它类型土壤保持量都非常少，这与植被覆盖度和植被净第一性生产力的分布是一致的，说明高植被覆盖类型分布区的植被能有效防止和控制土壤流失。1987、2000和2008年不同土地利用／覆被类型土壤保持价值分别为355．21亿元、341．37亿元和367．41亿元。其中林地和灌木林地生态系统的土壤保持价值占到近60％。草地生态系统占到近30％，林、灌、草共占到服务总价值的近90％，林、灌、草在土壤保持生态系统服务中具有决定性的作用。
以RUSLE為模型的基本框架，以GIS、RS軟件為技術平檯，利用GIS彊大的空間數據組織分析運算能力，將項目規劃區各土壤侵蝕影響因子的遙感數據與非遙感數據網格化。通過網格數據的空間分析和模型運算，實現生態繫統土壤保持量的區域性宏觀定位定量評價。估算結果錶明：研究區土壤保持總量林地最高。草地次之，水域等其它類型土壤保持量都非常少，這與植被覆蓋度和植被淨第一性生產力的分佈是一緻的，說明高植被覆蓋類型分佈區的植被能有效防止和控製土壤流失。1987、2000和2008年不同土地利用／覆被類型土壤保持價值分彆為355．21億元、341．37億元和367．41億元。其中林地和灌木林地生態繫統的土壤保持價值佔到近60％。草地生態繫統佔到近30％，林、灌、草共佔到服務總價值的近90％，林、灌、草在土壤保持生態繫統服務中具有決定性的作用。
이RUSLE위모형적기본광가，이GIS、RS연건위기술평태，이용GIS강대적공간수거조직분석운산능력，장항목규화구각토양침식영향인자적요감수거여비요감수거망격화。통과망격수거적공간분석화모형운산，실현생태계통토양보지량적구역성굉관정위정량평개。고산결과표명：연구구토양보지총량임지최고。초지차지，수역등기타류형토양보지량도비상소，저여식피복개도화식피정제일성생산력적분포시일치적，설명고식피복개류형분포구적식피능유효방지화공제토양류실。1987、2000화2008년불동토지이용／복피류형토양보지개치분별위355．21억원、341．37억원화367．41억원。기중임지화관목임지생태계통적토양보지개치점도근60％。초지생태계통점도근30％，림、관、초공점도복무총개치적근90％，림、관、초재토양보지생태계통복무중구유결정성적작용。
Using RUSLE model as the basic framework and GIS＆RS software as technology platform, this article realizes the ecosystem of the amount of soil macro - regional positioning quantitative evaluation through analysis of space and computing model of the grid data. The article does grid treatment to remote sensing data and non-remote sensing data of the project area of soil erosion impact factor and makes full use of GIS spatial data analysis of the organization of computing power. The estimation results showed that the amount of forest land accounted for the highest proportion of total soil conservation in the study area, followed by grassland and water, and other types of soil are in very low proportion. This is consistent with the vegetation cover and the distribution of net primary productivity which indicates that the high vegetation cover distribution of vegetation types can be effective in preventing and controlling soil erosion. Different land use/cover types of soil conservation value are 355.21 × 10^8 Yuan RMB in 1987, 341.37 × 10^8 Yuan RMB in 2000 and 367.41 × 10^8 Yuan RMB in 2008 respectively＇. Among them, the soil conservation of wood land and shrub land ecosystem accounted for nearly 60%, grassland ecosystem accounted for nearly 30% and forestry, shrub and grass accounted for nearly 90%. So, forest, shrub and grass have a decisive role in soil conservation ecosystem serviees. The study has a reference value in the intuitive and effective implementation of the willing expression of the people in the reservoir area of soil and water conservation, and is useful to ecological protection of soil and water conservation. Besides, the study further improves the ecological compensation policies.
