CAJ | 학술논문

改革开放30年以来,随着社会主义市场经济体制的逐步确立,中国高等教育体制发生了深刻变革。其中,作为高等教育体制重要组成部分的高等教育财政体制,经历了由改革开放前＂统收统支＂的中央集权式到中央和地方＂分灶吃饭＂的分权型体制的嬗变,并于20世纪90年代后形成了＂政府拨款为主、多渠道筹措＂的高等教育财政体制。通过对改革开放30年以来中国高等教育财政体制的演变历程进行梳理,总结和探析中国高等教育财政体制改革的演变特征与经验,并对今后的改革与发展提出因应之策。
개혁개방30년이래,수착사회주의시장경제체제적축보학립,중국고등교육체제발생료심각변혁。기중,작위고등교육체제중요조성부분적고등교육재정체제,경력료유개혁개방전＂통수통지＂적중앙집권식도중앙화지방＂분조흘반＂적분권형체제적선변,병우20세기90년대후형성료＂정부발관위주、다거도주조＂적고등교육재정체제。통과대개혁개방30년이래중국고등교육재정체제적연변역정진행소리,총결화탐석중국고등교육재정체제개혁적연변특정여경험,병대금후적개혁여발전제출인응지책。
With the gradual establishment of the socialist market economy,China＇s higher education system has undergone a profound transformation in the recent 30 years since opening up.Among them,the higher education fiscal system,which is an important component of it,evolved from centralized system with unified revenue and expenditure to decentralized system with division of revenue and expenditure between the central and local governments.And in the late 1990s,China established a higher educational fund-raising system,whereby financial allocations are the predominant source,with funds collected through other channels as a supplement.The thesis combs the historical development of China＇s higher education fiscal system,summarizes its evolution characteristics and experience,and finally proposes the detailed developing and reforming countermeasures.