统计研究
統計研究
통계연구
Statistical Research
2010年
6期
7~16
,共null页
就业 刚性工资模型 通货膨胀惯性 货币供给冲击
就業 剛性工資模型 通貨膨脹慣性 貨幣供給遲擊
취업 강성공자모형 통화팽창관성 화폐공급충격
Employment; Staggered wage model; Inflation inertia; Monetary supply shock
积极的经济政策在促进经济增长、保证就业中的作用是当前宏观经济政策讨论的重点,本文讨论货币政策冲击对就业等宏观经济变量的动态效应。首先,基于宏观季度数据,运用结构向量自回归方法,得到就业、产出和通胀在货币供给冲击下的动态反应,给出经验事实:在一单位货币供给冲击下,就业呈驼峰形态,缓慢下降回归稳态,显示出很强的持续性,但在中远期失业会增加;通货膨胀呈驼峰形态,显示很强的惯性特征,但在中远期会出现通货紧缩;产出温和增长,呈驼峰形态,显示出很强的持续性。同时,为进一步从经济理论上解析货币供给冲击对就业、产出和通胀传导的机制,数值模拟一个刚性工资模型,将模拟的脉冲反应结果与实证经验事实相比较,发现理论模型能较好地拟合上述三个经验事实,并从理论上进行货币供给冲击的经济传导机制分析。最后,结合经验事实与模型经济探讨了扩张型货币政策冲击下就业、通胀和产出的反应模式,给出政策建议,即扩张型货币供给冲击短期内能够有效刺激就业,促进经济增长;但在远期形成失业和通货紧缩,因此需要其他配套政策,如财政政策、收入政策等相配合。
積極的經濟政策在促進經濟增長、保證就業中的作用是噹前宏觀經濟政策討論的重點,本文討論貨幣政策遲擊對就業等宏觀經濟變量的動態效應。首先,基于宏觀季度數據,運用結構嚮量自迴歸方法,得到就業、產齣和通脹在貨幣供給遲擊下的動態反應,給齣經驗事實:在一單位貨幣供給遲擊下,就業呈駝峰形態,緩慢下降迴歸穩態,顯示齣很彊的持續性,但在中遠期失業會增加;通貨膨脹呈駝峰形態,顯示很彊的慣性特徵,但在中遠期會齣現通貨緊縮;產齣溫和增長,呈駝峰形態,顯示齣很彊的持續性。同時,為進一步從經濟理論上解析貨幣供給遲擊對就業、產齣和通脹傳導的機製,數值模擬一箇剛性工資模型,將模擬的脈遲反應結果與實證經驗事實相比較,髮現理論模型能較好地擬閤上述三箇經驗事實,併從理論上進行貨幣供給遲擊的經濟傳導機製分析。最後,結閤經驗事實與模型經濟探討瞭擴張型貨幣政策遲擊下就業、通脹和產齣的反應模式,給齣政策建議,即擴張型貨幣供給遲擊短期內能夠有效刺激就業,促進經濟增長;但在遠期形成失業和通貨緊縮,因此需要其他配套政策,如財政政策、收入政策等相配閤。
적겁적경제정책재촉진경제증장、보증취업중적작용시당전굉관경제정책토론적중점,본문토론화폐정책충격대취업등굉관경제변량적동태효응。수선,기우굉관계도수거,운용결구향량자회귀방법,득도취업、산출화통창재화폐공급충격하적동태반응,급출경험사실:재일단위화폐공급충격하,취업정타봉형태,완만하강회귀은태,현시출흔강적지속성,단재중원기실업회증가;통화팽창정타봉형태,현시흔강적관성특정,단재중원기회출현통화긴축;산출온화증장,정타봉형태,현시출흔강적지속성。동시,위진일보종경제이론상해석화폐공급충격대취업、산출화통창전도적궤제,수치모의일개강성공자모형,장모의적맥충반응결과여실증경험사실상비교,발현이론모형능교호지의합상술삼개경험사실,병종이론상진행화폐공급충격적경제전도궤제분석。최후,결합경험사실여모형경제탐토료확장형화폐정책충격하취업、통창화산출적반응모식,급출정책건의,즉확장형화폐공급충격단기내능구유효자격취업,촉진경제증장;단재원기형성실업화통화긴축,인차수요기타배투정책,여재정정책、수입정책등상배합。
The paper provides empirical evidences of the responses of employment,output and inflation to money supply shock based on China macroeconomic data using VAR method. Several typical facts reach: ( a) expansionary monetary shock leads to hump-shaped behavior of employment which reaches its peak after three quarters and remain high value for another three quarters,after then employment decreases mildly over future periods. Employment shows strong persistence. (b) Expansionary monetary shock leads to the hump-shaped behavior of inflation which reaches its peak after six quarters. Positive monetary shock leads to persistence increase of inflation. Inflation displays strong inertia on the impact of monetary shocks. (c) Expansionary monetary shock leads to mild increase of output moving in the way of hump- shaped,lasting about for 20 quarters,and then returnes to the original level. We lay out a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model incorporated with monopolistic competition and wage rigidity,demonstrate in what extension of how such type of model economy calibrated can explain the typical facts presented by the empirical evidence aforementioned.