CAJ | 학술논문

近年来我国煤炭资源富集区的开发力度空前加大,目前已经初步形成了煤炭—火电—煤化工一体化开发的态势。然而,煤炭资源富集区大多生态脆弱、水资源短缺,这一开发模式与区域主导生态功能存在尖锐冲突。重点剖析了内蒙古锡林郭勒盟煤、电、煤化工发展中存在的问题,认为突出表现在以下几个方面,即现有开发模式的可持续性较差、生态和景观破坏严重、水资源供需矛盾突出、生态建设具有盲目性。要实现资源开发与生态保护的协调发展,就必须调整区域开发模式,控制资源开发范围,加大生态建设投入,并探索适用的生态建设模式。从长远来看,要实现煤炭资源富集区的可持续发展,应通过国土规划明确区域功能定位,建立规范的生态补偿机制,编制综合性区域开发规划,并加强矿区生态恢复技术研究。
근년래아국매탄자원부집구적개발력도공전가대,목전이경초보형성료매탄—화전—매화공일체화개발적태세。연이,매탄자원부집구대다생태취약、수자원단결,저일개발모식여구역주도생태공능존재첨예충돌。중점부석료내몽고석림곽륵맹매、전、매화공발전중존재적문제,인위돌출표현재이하궤개방면,즉현유개발모식적가지속성교차、생태화경관파배엄중、수자원공수모순돌출、생태건설구유맹목성。요실현자원개발여생태보호적협조발전,취필수조정구역개발모식,공제자원개발범위,가대생태건설투입,병탐색괄용적생태건설모식。종장원래간,요실현매탄자원부집구적가지속발전,응통과국토규화명학구역공능정위,건립규범적생태보상궤제,편제종합성구역개발규화,병가강광구생태회복기술연구。
With the energy demand increased significantly as well as international oil prices continued to rise,the exploitation intensity in coal-rich regions in China was enhanced correspondingly.The coal mining,thermal power and coal chemical industries tend to be concentrated which formed the basic development model in coal-rich regions.But on the other hand,most of the coal-rich regions in China are ecological sensitive and face the problem of water shortage.The above activity will inevitably impact the local dominant ecological function.In order to illustrate this issue,the main problems in coal mining,thermal power and coal chemical industry in Xilin Gol League were analyzed.They are reflected in the following aspects： current development model lacks sustainability;ecological and landscape impact is outstanding;conflict between water supply and demand is prominent;ecological construction model is not fit to the local conditions.In order to reconcile the resources exploitation and the ecological protection,the following measures should be adopted： adjusting the regional development model;narrowing the scope of coal mine exploitation;increasing invest on the ecological construction;exploring the applicable eco-construction model.In the long term,4 countermeasures should be considered to promote the sustainable development in coal-rich regions： clearing regional functions through the land planning;establishing ecological compensation mechanism;preparing the comprehensive regional development plan;strengthening the study of ecological restoration techniques.