北方论丛
北方論叢
북방론총
The Northern Forum
2010年
4期
93~96
,共null页
中世纪英国 劳动力转移 城市化
中世紀英國 勞動力轉移 城市化
중세기영국 노동력전이 성시화
Medieval England migration urbanization push pull
中世纪英格兰初步形成了劳动力转移和城市化的动力机制。乡村社会产生＂推力＂,城镇特权地位产生＂拉力＂,吸引和拉动农村人口走出土地走向城市。与此同时,乡村也存在阻碍劳动力转移的＂拉力＂,城镇也存在不利于人口流动的＂推力＂,正是在上述各种＂拉力＂和＂推力＂因素综合作用下,中世纪英格兰农村劳动力转移和城市化获得一定发展,畜牧业、纺织业等非农行业逐渐兴起,城市化水平不断提高,后来工业化和城市化都继承了这些历史遗产。
中世紀英格蘭初步形成瞭勞動力轉移和城市化的動力機製。鄉村社會產生＂推力＂,城鎮特權地位產生＂拉力＂,吸引和拉動農村人口走齣土地走嚮城市。與此同時,鄉村也存在阻礙勞動力轉移的＂拉力＂,城鎮也存在不利于人口流動的＂推力＂,正是在上述各種＂拉力＂和＂推力＂因素綜閤作用下,中世紀英格蘭農村勞動力轉移和城市化穫得一定髮展,畜牧業、紡織業等非農行業逐漸興起,城市化水平不斷提高,後來工業化和城市化都繼承瞭這些歷史遺產。
중세기영격란초보형성료노동력전이화성시화적동력궤제。향촌사회산생＂추력＂,성진특권지위산생＂랍력＂,흡인화랍동농촌인구주출토지주향성시。여차동시,향촌야존재조애노동력전이적＂랍력＂,성진야존재불리우인구류동적＂추력＂,정시재상술각충＂랍력＂화＂추력＂인소종합작용하,중세기영격란농촌노동력전이화성시화획득일정발전,축목업、방직업등비농행업축점흥기,성시화수평불단제고,후래공업화화성시화도계승료저사역사유산。
The mechanism came into being gradually, of migration of village - labors and urbanization in medieval England. A thrust produced by countryside, plus the pull brought by cities, made the rural population walk out of the earth and migrate into towns or boroughs. At the same time, there were some factors that counteracted the migration of village - labors both in the villages and towns. The above - mentioned kinds of factors working together, thus, migration of village - labors had made certain progress and laid the base for the latter industrialization and modernization in medieval England.
