CAJ | 학술논문

西班牙人于1626年进占台湾建立基地,接着扩张统治到淡水,不及十年,遭到淡水原住民强力反抗,淡水城堡在1636年一次夜袭中被毁,西班牙人被迫撤离,退守鸡笼。1636年淡水原住民大败西班牙人可能是17世纪台湾原住民反抗外国殖民势力最大的一次胜利,是历史上的重大事件。淡水原住民以原始武器激烈反抗西班牙殖民统治的原因是,西班牙人收到的大米补给远低于需求量,而且现金不足,粮食来源不继,唯有不断地向原住民需索存量不多的粮食,导致原住民不满。加以两个族群间的文化差异太大,淡水居民没有如西班牙人期望的成为虔诚的天主教徒,即使神父慈爱和关怀也没有能够化解淡水原住民长期累积的怨怒。最后原住民联合起来反抗殖民统治,赢得胜利。由于原住民没有留下任何文字记录可以参考,我们只能从以西班牙文件为主的历史数据中,从殖民者的眼光揣测原住民的立场和想法,是一个很大的遗憾。
서반아인우1626년진점태만건립기지,접착확장통치도담수,불급십년,조도담수원주민강력반항,담수성보재1636년일차야습중피훼,서반아인피박철리,퇴수계롱。1636년담수원주민대패서반아인가능시17세기태만원주민반항외국식민세력최대적일차성리,시역사상적중대사건。담수원주민이원시무기격렬반항서반아식민통치적원인시,서반아인수도적대미보급원저우수구량,이차현금불족,양식래원불계,유유불단지향원주민수색존량불다적양식,도치원주민불만。가이량개족군간적문화차이태대,담수거민몰유여서반아인기망적성위건성적천주교도,즉사신부자애화관부야몰유능구화해담수원주민장기루적적원노。최후원주민연합기래반항식민통치,영득성리。유우원주민몰유류하임하문자기록가이삼고,아문지능종이서반아문건위주적역사수거중,종식민자적안광췌측원주민적립장화상법,시일개흔대적유감。
The Spaniards first established a base inTaiwanin 1626,expanding their territory to Danshui soon afterwards. In Danshui,vigorous aborigine resistance to colonial rule culminated in an assault on the Spanish fortress in 1636. The fortress was burnt down and the Spaniards were forced to withdraw to Jilong and abandon the base in Danshui. The defeat of the Spaniards in 1636 may be the most significant Formosan victory against Western colonial rule in the seventeenth century. What drew the Danshui aborigines,with theirarrow and bows,to risk their lives fighting against Spanish firearms？ This paper posits that the Spaniards inTaiwannever had sufficient food supply from Manilaor sufficient funds to buy rice; therefore,their only option was to take from the aborigines limited harvest.Furthermore,because of the enormous cultural gap,the Danshui aborigines did not turn into pious Catholics as the Spanish expected. Even the kind and loving Spanish priests could not mollify the mounting wrath of the aborigines caused bythe incessant Spanish demands on their precious food supply.Thus they united to drive the Spanish out of Danshui in 1636,writing a significant chapter for Formosan aborigines.