CAJ | 학술논문

正当防卫在初民时期为私力救济之至要,成文法发达之前已形成一定规则。东西方早期刑法史对于正当防卫的规定相对比较零碎,至1810年《法国刑法典》与1871年《德国刑法典》正当防卫制度方走向系统化与总则化。开启中国近代刑制改革大幕的《大清新刑律》转借日本1907年新刑法对正当防卫首次做了总则化处理,随后的《暂行新刑律》与南京国民政府两部刑法典都对此保持沿袭,也奠定了中国近代正当防卫制度的法典与学理根基。
정당방위재초민시기위사력구제지지요,성문법발체지전이형성일정규칙。동서방조기형법사대우정당방위적규정상대비교령쇄,지1810년《법국형법전》여1871년《덕국형법전》정당방위제도방주향계통화여총칙화。개계중국근대형제개혁대막적《대청신형률》전차일본1907년신형법대정당방위수차주료총칙화처리,수후적《잠행신형률》여남경국민정부량부형법전도대차보지연습,야전정료중국근대정당방위제도적법전여학리근기。
The justifiable defense is the utmost to the private strength relief in the primitive time.Before the written law is developed,it has formed certain rules.The regulations on the justifiable defense in early criminal law history has relatively fragmentary in the east and West.Until the French Criminal code（1810） and German Criminal code（1871）,the justifiable defense system have moved toward the systematization and the generalization.DaQing New Criminal law lent from Japan New Criminal law（1907） has made general rules for the first time to the justifiable defense.Afterward,Temporary New Criminal law and the Nanjing National government＇s two criminal codes followed it,and laid the code theory foundation of Chinese modern justifiable defense system.