CAJ | 학술논문

本研究以小学二、四、六年级儿童为被试,在不同难度的拼图任务中考查其在线和离线元认知监控的发展特点及其对问题解决的影响。结果表明：（1）小学儿童的在线元认知监控能力随年级升高而提高,六年级儿童的计划时间显著长于二、四年级儿童。（2）准确预测和评价任务执行时间的人数百分比随年级升高而依次增加;而难度评价准确性在四、六年级间发展较平稳,并高于二年级。（3）在线和离线元认知监控对问题解决的影响与任务难度有关,在简单和中等难度任务中,离线元认知判断有助于问题解决;而在复杂任务中,在线元认知监控促进问题解决。
본연구이소학이、사、륙년급인동위피시,재불동난도적병도임무중고사기재선화리선원인지감공적발전특점급기대문제해결적영향。결과표명：（1）소학인동적재선원인지감공능력수년급승고이제고,륙년급인동적계화시간현저장우이、사년급인동。（2）준학예측화평개임무집행시간적인수백분비수년급승고이의차증가;이난도평개준학성재사、륙년급간발전교평은,병고우이년급。（3）재선화리선원인지감공대문제해결적영향여임무난도유관,재간단화중등난도임무중,리선원인지판단유조우문제해결;이재복잡임무중,재선원인지감공촉진문제해결。
This study was conducted to explore the development of meta-cognition which is divided into ongoing and off-line metacognitive monitoring and its effects on problem solving.Three jigsaw-puzzle tasks with different complexity were performed by 124 primary school children from 2—6 grades.The results revealed：1） children＇s ongoing metacognitive monitoring increased with the grade ascension,the sixth grade students obviously spent more time on planning than the students of second and fourth grades;2） the accuracy of forecast and evaluation displayed a similar tendency,the percentage of students who could forecast and evaluate correctly the execution time increasing with the grade ascension;most students could evaluate the difficulty of the three tasks.In simple tasks,the accuracy did not show significant age difference;In the normal and complex ones,more children could evaluate the difficulty of tasks in the fourth and sixth grades than the second graders.3） the effects of metacognitive monitoring on problem solving are related to the difficulty of tasks.In simple taskes and tasks of medium difficulty,the off-line metacognitive judgment is conducive to problem solving in complex tasks,and ongoing metacognitive monitoring facilitats problem solving.