CAJ | 학술논문

效力优先是下位法与上位法抵触的情况下,上位法的＂效力优于＂下位法,其根据是梅尔克—凯尔森位阶理论的第一要义：上位法是下位法的效力依据,下位法的创制应当符合上位法预设的创制方式和内容;而适用优先是下位法符合上位法的情况下,下位法的＂适用先于＂上位法,其根据是梅尔克—凯尔森位阶理论的第二要义：下位法是上位法的具体化和个别化。上位法优于下位法属于效力优先,不存在例外。自治条例、单行条例和经济特区法规的位阶低于法律、行政法规,其变通规定优于法律、行政法规不是效力优先的例外,而属于适用优先。较大的市的地方性法规的位阶低于省级地方性法规,其与省级法规适用中的难题也可从效力优先与适用优先的区分中寻求解答。
효력우선시하위법여상위법저촉적정황하,상위법적＂효력우우＂하위법,기근거시매이극—개이삼위계이론적제일요의：상위법시하위법적효력의거,하위법적창제응당부합상위법예설적창제방식화내용;이괄용우선시하위법부합상위법적정황하,하위법적＂괄용선우＂상위법,기근거시매이극—개이삼위계이론적제이요의：하위법시상위법적구체화화개별화。상위법우우하위법속우효력우선,불존재예외。자치조례、단행조례화경제특구법규적위계저우법률、행정법규,기변통규정우우법률、행정법규불시효력우선적예외,이속우괄용우선。교대적시적지방성법규적위계저우성급지방성법규,기여성급법규괄용중적난제야가종효력우선여괄용우선적구분중심구해답。
Priority of validity is that the validity of higher norms are superior to that of lower ones when the lower norms contradict the higher ones, which is based on the first point of Merkl - Kelsen＇ s theory on legal level that the creation of lower norms should be in conformity with higher ones. Priority of application is that the application of lower norms precedes that of higher ones when the lower norms do not contradict the higher ones, which is based on the second point of Merkl - Kelsen＇ s theory on legal level that lower norms are the result of the concretization and individualization of higher ones. The rule that higher norms are superior to lower ones belongs to priority of validity, and there is no exception. Autonomous regu- lations and special economic zones＇ regulations rank lower than the laws and administrative regulations, the application of their changed provisions precedes that of laws and administrative regulations is not the exception of the priority of validity, but belongs to priority of application. Larger cities＇ regulations rank lower than provincial regulations, and we may also an- swer the difficult questions in the application of them by the differentiation between priority of validity and priority of application.