CAJ | 학술논문

近数年来,围绕着驻冲绳美军基地,特别是普天间基地问题,美国、日本中央政府、冲绳地方政府两国三方之间发生了尖锐的冲突和争执。冲绳的民众为支持地方政府的政策再次掀起要求美军基地撤离的大规模群众运动。战后以来冲绳人一直在抗争试图减少基地甚至是实现无基地化,60多年过去了,冲绳仍然生活在基地当中。那么,冲绳问题在战后之初到底是如何形成的呢？从美日同盟的角度来探讨这个问题,可以看出,美日同盟的出现导致了冲绳问题的产生。《旧金山对日和约》结束了日本被占领状态,同时《美日安全条约》的签订确定了美日安保体制的法律框架,对冲绳来说更为重要的是《旧金山对日和约》第三条也成为美国统治冲绳的法律依据。也就是说,《旧金山和约》和《美日安全条约》结束了美日之间的敌对关系,并开启了两国之间的同盟关系,与此同时,美日安保体制的确立也就意味着冲绳问题的出现。
근수년래,위요착주충승미군기지,특별시보천간기지문제,미국、일본중앙정부、충승지방정부량국삼방지간발생료첨예적충돌화쟁집。충승적민음위지지지방정부적정책재차흔기요구미군기지철리적대규모군음운동。전후이래충승인일직재항쟁시도감소기지심지시실현무기지화,60다년과거료,충승잉연생활재기지당중。나요,충승문제재전후지초도저시여하형성적니？종미일동맹적각도래탐토저개문제,가이간출,미일동맹적출현도치료충승문제적산생。《구금산대일화약》결속료일본피점령상태,동시《미일안전조약》적첨정학정료미일안보체제적법률광가,대충승래설경위중요적시《구금산대일화약》제삼조야성위미국통치충승적법률의거。야취시설,《구금산화약》화《미일안전조약》결속료미일지간적활대관계,병개계료량국지간적동맹관계,여차동시,미일안보체제적학립야취의미착충승문제적출현。
In recent years,there have been acute conflicts and disputes among the United States,the Japanese central government and local government in Okinawa about U.S.military bases in Okinawa,especially the Futenma base.In order to support local government,Okinawan held large-scale mass movement demanding withdrawal of U.S.military bases again.The Okinawan have been trying to reduce the base and even the base-free since World War II ending.However,they are still living at the base 60 years later.How did the Okinawa problem form？ This article will mainly discuss the question from the perspective of U.S.-Japan alliance.The key point is that the establishment of U.S.-Japan alliance gave birth to the Okinawa problem.San Francisco Peace Treaty ended the occupation of Japan,meanwhile,U.S.-Japan Security Treaty established the legal framework of the alliance,and article 3 of the former became the legal basis for the United States ruling Okinawa.In other words,the two treaties ended hostile relations between the U.S.and Japan,and established alliance between the two countries.At this turning point,Okinawa problem in the alliance came.