CAJ | 학술논문

黄河源区涵盖青海省南部和甘肃南部部分地区，其生态环境状况变化对下游的社会经济和水资源供给有着重要影响，而畜牧业在当地经济中占有相当大的比重。目前，黄河源区草场已经出现退化严重和草场承载力明显降低的趋势，对当地畜牧业的发展和牧民的生活水平改善产生了一定影响。本研究通过实地调查问卷，对造成黄河源区玛曲草原植被退化的原因进行了调查研究，结果表明：黄河源区的草场退化，自然原因是很小的一部分，而在推行“围栏放牧”的过程中，因为当地文化、宗教、牧民接受文化教育的程度和经济结构等原因导致牧民为了增加收入而不得不超载放牧是造成该地区草原退化的主要原因。牧场管理制度与当地经济环境的不协调，是造成黄河源区草场退化的主要原因之一。
황하원구함개청해성남부화감숙남부부분지구，기생태배경상황변화대하유적사회경제화수자원공급유착중요영향，이축목업재당지경제중점유상당대적비중。목전，황하원구초장이경출현퇴화엄중화초장승재력명현강저적추세，대당지축목업적발전화목민적생활수평개선산생료일정영향。본연구통과실지조사문권，대조성황하원구마곡초원식피퇴화적원인진행료조사연구，결과표명：황하원구적초장퇴화，자연원인시흔소적일부분，이재추행“위란방목”적과정중，인위당지문화、종교、목민접수문화교육적정도화경제결구등원인도치목민위료증가수입이불득불초재방목시조성해지구초원퇴화적주요원인。목장관리제도여당지경제배경적불협조，시조성황하원구초장퇴화적주요원인지일。
The source water region of the Yellow River covers southern part of Qinghai province and part of southern Gansu province, China, its ecological and environmental conditions have essential impacts on the downstream social economics and water supplies, and the stock raising has high proportional contributions to the local economics. However, this region is currently suffering from serious grassland degradation, and the capacity for livestock feeding is decreasing dramatically. By using questionnaire in this survey analysis, the causes for the grassland degradation had been investigated in the source water region of the Yellow River. The results indicated that the natural causes for grassland degradation are small. While, because of the restriction of local cultures, religion, education and economic structure, the herdsmen expect to increase their income by overgrazing after carrying out the ＂limited grazing in a fixed and fenced area＂ policy, and the over-grazing is main cause of the grassland degradation. The conflict between the administration policy and local social economical development is one of the main factors affecting the degradation of the grassland.