CAJ | 학술논문

德日三阶层犯罪构成体系以规范论为基础，以评价性概念为基石，价值评价的对象是事实，价值评价的实证标准是罪状，实质标准是开放的，诸如新康德主义的超验理性、罗克辛的刑事政策以及雅各布斯的社会规范等。我国四要件犯罪构成体系以存在论为基础，以描述性概念为基石，评价对象与对象评价不分，事实判断与价值评价同一。存在论体系及其描述性概念严重限制了价值评价的功能，无法协调好事实判断与价值评价、体系内评价与体系外评价、积极评价与消极评价的关系。我国犯罪构成体系应该从存在论走向规范论。
덕일삼계층범죄구성체계이규범론위기출，이평개성개념위기석，개치평개적대상시사실，개치평개적실증표준시죄상，실질표준시개방적，제여신강덕주의적초험이성、라극신적형사정책이급아각포사적사회규범등。아국사요건범죄구성체계이존재론위기출，이묘술성개념위기석，평개대상여대상평개불분，사실판단여개치평개동일。존재론체계급기묘술성개념엄중한제료개치평개적공능，무법협조호사실판단여개치평개、체계내평개여체계외평개、적겁평개여소겁평개적관계。아국범죄구성체계응해종존재론주향규범론。
Chinese criminal law scholars have some misapprehensions about the relationship between Chinese crime constitution and German--Japanese crime constitution. Actually, the basic difference between them lies in the value theory. German--Japanese three--tier criminal system bases on norm theory and appraisal concepts. The object of value appraisement is fact, its formal standard is Tatbestand and its material standard is alterable, such as Neo--Kantian transcendental reason, Roxin＇s criminal policy, Jakobs＇ social norm and so on. However, Chinese four--element system bases on ontology and descriptive concepts. The object of value appraisement can not be distinguished from the standard of value appraisement, and fact judgment equates to value appraisement. Ontological system and its descriptive concepts restrict the function of value appraisement. This kind of system cannot harmonize the relationship between value appraisement and fact judgment, thus induces the superabundance of fact judgment but the insufficiency of value appraisement. Accordingly, the insufficiency of value appraisement in Chinese system is complemented by the concept of social harm. Secondly, the descriptive concepts in Chinese system cannot leave enough space for theoretical development. Again, the descriptive concepts cannot describe ＂no＂, which is the reason why Chinese crime constitution cannot contain the justifiable acts. Chinese crime constitution system should transfer from ontology to norm theory, from descriptive concepts to appraisal ones, and harmonize the relation between positive appraisement and negative appraisement.