CAJ | 학술논문

中国经济中存在着高增长与低就业并存的现象。从宏观总量的角度看,消费需求较投资需求具有更高的就业提高作用,且长期最终消费支出的就业弹性要高于资本形成总额,这种现象主要源于经济增长方式对投资需求的依赖。投资驱动型经济增长方式的内在缺陷在于经济增长依赖投资需求,但消费需求的拉动作用却大于投资需求。正是这种投资驱动型经济增长方式的陷阱,导致经济需求无法持续提供就业需求,从而在长期形成高增长与低就业并存的局面。为改变这种高增长与低就业并存的增长方式,从政策层面来看,应该考虑的是采用更高工资水平的经济增长方式,以提高最终消费需求在国内生产总值中的比重,从而形成新的就业需求。提高普通职工工资水平,在短期内可能形成对利润的挤出,但是从长期来看,必将形成收入分配差异的优化,扩大消费需求对经济增长的贡献,而且形成持续的就业需求,在经济增长与就业之间形成良性循环,保持长期经济增长的动力。
중국경제중존재착고증장여저취업병존적현상。종굉관총량적각도간,소비수구교투자수구구유경고적취업제고작용,차장기최종소비지출적취업탄성요고우자본형성총액,저충현상주요원우경제증장방식대투자수구적의뢰。투자구동형경제증장방식적내재결함재우경제증장의뢰투자수구,단소비수구적랍동작용각대우투자수구。정시저충투자구동형경제증장방식적함정,도치경제수구무법지속제공취업수구,종이재장기형성고증장여저취업병존적국면。위개변저충고증장여저취업병존적증장방식,종정책층면래간,응해고필적시채용경고공자수평적경제증장방식,이제고최종소비수구재국내생산총치중적비중,종이형성신적취업수구。제고보통직공공자수평,재단기내가능형성대리윤적제출,단시종장기래간,필장형성수입분배차이적우화,확대소비수구대경제증장적공헌,이차형성지속적취업수구,재경제증장여취업지간형성량성순배,보지장기경제증장적동력。
High growth and low employment coexist in China＇s economy.From the macro analysis,we understand that consumption demand can play a more important role than investment demand in stimulating employment;the employment elasticity of long-term final consumption expenditure is greater than that of total capital formation;and this kind of phenomenon is rooted in the dependence of economic growth pattern on investment demand.The defect of investment-oriented economic growth pattern is the dependence of economic growth on investment demand;while the pulling role consumption demand plays is more important than investment demand.It is the trap of investment-oriented economic growth pattern that lead to no more employment demand being provided by economic demand.It is also the reason why high growth and low employment coexist with each other in the long-term.