CAJ | 학술논문

考察中国城镇化发展与农村土地制度变革历程后发现,1949年以来中国城镇化进程在曲折波动中向前推进,农村土地制度成为其中的重要诱因或触动因素,而城镇化发展也随着农村土地制度的不断调整而呈现出较为明显的阶段性特征：①1949-1957年间,中国城镇化进程在第一次和第二次农村土地改革的推动下平稳起步;②1958-1978年间,中国城镇化发展在人民公社运动期间的农村土地制度调整中陷入迷途;③1979-2001年间,中国城镇化进程随着家庭承包责任制的确立和巩固而得到恢复和加快发展。2002年以后,中国城镇化发展进入到城乡统筹的新阶段,面对城镇化发展中出现的新问题和现行农村土地制度日益凸显的弊端,为了进一步增强来自农村的推力促进中国城镇化健康平稳较快发展,当前亟需从明确和保护承包土地产权、探索和规范承包土地流转、建立土地制度与相关制度联动、规范宅基地管理显化资产效益、加强法制化建设确保制度稳定等方面进行改革和创新。
고찰중국성진화발전여농촌토지제도변혁역정후발현,1949년이래중국성진화진정재곡절파동중향전추진,농촌토지제도성위기중적중요유인혹촉동인소,이성진화발전야수착농촌토지제도적불단조정이정현출교위명현적계단성특정：①1949-1957년간,중국성진화진정재제일차화제이차농촌토지개혁적추동하평은기보;②1958-1978년간,중국성진화발전재인민공사운동기간적농촌토지제도조정중함입미도;③1979-2001년간,중국성진화진정수착가정승포책임제적학립화공고이득도회복화가쾌발전。2002년이후,중국성진화발전진입도성향통주적신계단,면대성진화발전중출현적신문제화현행농촌토지제도일익철현적폐단,위료진일보증강래자농촌적추력촉진중국성진화건강평은교쾌발전,당전극수종명학화보호승포토지산권、탐색화규범승포토지류전、건립토지제도여상관제도련동、규범택기지관리현화자산효익、가강법제화건설학보제도은정등방면진행개혁화창신。
Through reviewing the process of China＇s urbanization development and agricultural land system reform,it was found that China＇s urbanization has been in a circuitousl process since 1949.Agricultural land system was an important factor for China＇s urbanization development,and the urbanization development also took on an obvious periodic characteristics along with continuous regulation of agricultural land system.（1） In the period of 1949-1957,China＇s urbanization process commenced steadily impelled by the first and the second agricultural land reforms.（2） In the period of 1958-1978,China＇s urbanization process went astray due to agricultural land system regulation in the Movement of People＇s Community.（3） In the period of 1979-2001,China＇s urbanization process resumed and developed fast due to the determination and reinforcement of Family Contract System.After 2002,China＇s urbanization entered the new stage of overall rural-urban coordination and arrangement.To solve the emerging problems of urbanization development and the defects of current agricultural land system,we should innovate and reform agricultural land system urgently and necessarily,so China＇s urbanization process can be sustainable,smooth and swift.Especially,we should make innovations in such aspects as ensuring and protecting the contracted land property rights,exploring and standardizing the contracted land transfer,establishing the linkage among land system and relative systems,standardizing residence land management and emphasizing its capital benefit,and reinforcing legal construction to maintain a steady land system.