CAJ | 학술논문

综合利用有效性改进的方法对流域生态系统恢复的价值进行评估,具体方法包括：①采用二分式选择法作为引导技术以模拟真实市场并解决调查中＂没有回应的问题;②设计恰当的核心估值问题并通过图片展示克服CVM的＂假想特性＂;③通过大样本发放、多次调查和调查员培训缩小CVM＂假设偏差＂以及＂调查者偏差＂;④使用开放式和支付卡式问卷进行预调查以获得二分式选择问卷调查的投标值;⑤分析WTP支付水平影响因素的边际效用以减少＂范围问题＂的干扰;⑥利用中值法估计WTP分布函数以避免函数＂右偏＂并减少＂厚尾＂问题的困扰;⑦根据样本中两次均回答＂否＂的比例数选择对数logit模型以降低估计结果的偏差;⑧由于WTP的标准误以及95%置信区间都要比单界模式下的估计结果更为精确,故选择双界二分法测算WTP值。通过上述方法测算的南京市民对于长江流域生态系统恢复的支付意愿为270.7元/户.年,而大幅提高居民家庭收入水平是提高居民支付意愿最为有效的途径。
종합이용유효성개진적방법대류역생태계통회복적개치진행평고,구체방법포괄：①채용이분식선택법작위인도기술이모의진실시장병해결조사중＂몰유회응적문제;②설계흡당적핵심고치문제병통과도편전시극복CVM적＂가상특성＂;③통과대양본발방、다차조사화조사원배훈축소CVM＂가설편차＂이급＂조사자편차＂;④사용개방식화지부잡식문권진행예조사이획득이분식선택문권조사적투표치;⑤분석WTP지부수평영향인소적변제효용이감소＂범위문제＂적간우;⑥이용중치법고계WTP분포함수이피면함수＂우편＂병감소＂후미＂문제적곤우;⑦근거양본중량차균회답＂부＂적비례수선택대수logit모형이강저고계결과적편차;⑧유우WTP적표준오이급95%치신구간도요비단계모식하적고계결과경위정학,고선택쌍계이분법측산WTP치。통과상술방법측산적남경시민대우장강류역생태계통회복적지부의원위270.7원/호.년,이대폭제고거민가정수입수평시제고거민지부의원최위유효적도경。
The improved contingent valuation methods（CVM） were used to evaluate the economic benefits of restoring ecosystem of Yangtze-river Basin in Nanjing in this paper.The improved methods were approached as： ① choosing dichotomous choice questionnaire（DCQ） as a questionnaire-guide technology to simulate the real markets and to resolve the problems of ＂no-respond ＂ in the survey;② designing the appropriate key questions to resolve the ＂imaginary character＂ problems by picture-showing;③ reducing the CVM ＂hypothetical bias＂ and ＂investigator bias＂ through increasing the samples and survey times as well as training investigators;④ combining open questionnaire and payment-card questionnaire as pre-survey technology to get the bidding value of DCQ survey;⑤ reducing the interference of ＂scope effect＂ by analyzing the marginal impact of payment factors;⑥ estimating the distribution function of WTP by the median-estimating model to resolve the problems of ＂right side＂ and ＂fat tail＂;⑦ reducing CVM biases through the log-logit model based on the sample ratio of ＂no-no＂ answers;⑧ choosing the double-bounded DCQ model to estimate the value of WTP based on sample standard error and 95%confidence interval.Based on the improved CVM,the individuals＇ WTP for restoring Yangtze River Basin ecosystem in Nanjing was 270.7 yuan RMB / household per year,and greatly increasing household income level was the most effective way for increase of the individuals＇ WTP.