CAJ | 학술논문

对89名大学生被试在自我威胁条件下的归因与情绪模式进行了实验室研究。结果发现：（1）自我威胁条件下,脆弱高自尊个体会产生即刻的强烈羞愧情绪,之后通过外归因将这种向内的羞愧转换为向外的高敌意;（2）低自尊个体在自我威胁条件下,也会产生即刻的强烈羞愧感,但其外归因和敌意情绪均保持在较低水平,未出现归因与情绪转换。研究结果支持自我威胁后的归因与情绪转换假设。
대89명대학생피시재자아위협조건하적귀인여정서모식진행료실험실연구。결과발현：（1）자아위협조건하,취약고자존개체회산생즉각적강렬수괴정서,지후통과외귀인장저충향내적수괴전환위향외적고활의;（2）저자존개체재자아위협조건하,야회산생즉각적강렬수괴감,단기외귀인화활의정서균보지재교저수평,미출현귀인여정서전환。연구결과지지자아위협후적귀인여정서전환가설。
There are notable divarications on the causation of defensive incline of Fragile High Self-esteem between theorists＇ proposition and studies.Theorists propose that the defensive incline of Fragile High Self-esteem is rooted in the separation between explicit and implicit self-esteem and corresponding internal attribution after ego-threats.But most of studies have showed that those with fragile self-esteem show external attribution and hostility or aggression（see Sandstrom Jordan,2007） except for few studies supporting the academic reasoning mentioned above（Harter,1993;Tangney,Wagner, Gramzow,1992）.We postulate that there is a transformation of attribution and emotion after ego-threats and most of former studies haven＇t differentiated among immediate attribution and accompanying emotion and re-attribution and accompanying emotion. To test the hypothesis mentioned above,the present study recruited 89 subjects who were all college students and carried out a 3 （grouping：immediate group;re-attribution group;unrelated task group）×3（self-esteem type：fragile self-esteem;secure self-esteem; low self-esteem） between-subjects experiment.Firstly we filtered the subjects of 3 self-esteem types based on their scores of explicit and implicit self-esteem.In the formal experiment,all of the 3 types of subjects accomplished an alleged short-term memory efficiency test and accepted a feedback.The feedback was always negative and indicated that the grade was inferior to that of most of college students.In the immediate group,the subjects were directed to evaluate how his/her current feeling was congruent with those emotion words selected from PANA-X which measure shame and hostility immediately after the feedback.In the re-attribution group, the subjects completed a brief questionair consisting of 4 items which measured the re-attribution level before an emotion measurement. In the unrelated task group,the subjects counted his/her own pulse before an emotion measurement. The results showed that the subjects of fragile self-esteem experienced stronger shame than those of secure self-esteem in the immediate condition,and exhibited an external attribution if given re-attribution opportunity and then transformed shame into hostility.As to low self-esteem,they experienced stronger shame than those of secure self-esteem the in immediate condition,too.But they didn＇t use external attribution in the re-attribution condition and the level of hostility didn＇t increase. The present study demonstrates that the transeformation of attribution and emotion after ego-threats does exist for fragile self-esteem. The second finding is that those of low self-esteem always keep internal attribution and corresponding shame after ego-threats. These findings are significant for the understanding of the relations between depression and self-esteem.The findings also suggest that we should pay attention to the difference between immediate attribution and accompanying emotion and re-attribution and accompanying emotion in future studies.In doing so,we can get more exact and intensive comprehension for fragile self-esteem and other self-esteem types.