开放导报
開放導報
개방도보
China Opening Herald
2011年
2期
23~27
,共null页
农村住宅制度 公共政策 农民建房 农村居民点 城乡建设用地
農村住宅製度 公共政策 農民建房 農村居民點 城鄉建設用地
농촌주택제도 공공정책 농민건방 농촌거민점 성향건설용지
Rural residence system; public policy; Farmers home building and dangerous transformation; the rural residential areas adjustment; the coordination of urban and rural land for construction purposes
中国农村住房制度具有＂一供＂、＂三非＂、＂四保＂、＂五自＂的基本特点。农民住房兼具生产生活功能,兼具居住和社会保障功能。随着改革开放和城镇化发展,农民建房和农村居民点调整遇到前所未有的挑战,应从国家公共政策角度构建中国农村住房基本制度的理论框架和政策指引,保障农民在农村的居住权益,依法制度规范农村居民点（乡镇、村落）的空间调整,解决城乡建设用地合理调剂使用的主要范式,与时俱进地推动＂十二五＂农村住房制度改革。
中國農村住房製度具有＂一供＂、＂三非＂、＂四保＂、＂五自＂的基本特點。農民住房兼具生產生活功能,兼具居住和社會保障功能。隨著改革開放和城鎮化髮展,農民建房和農村居民點調整遇到前所未有的挑戰,應從國傢公共政策角度構建中國農村住房基本製度的理論框架和政策指引,保障農民在農村的居住權益,依法製度規範農村居民點（鄉鎮、村落）的空間調整,解決城鄉建設用地閤理調劑使用的主要範式,與時俱進地推動＂十二五＂農村住房製度改革。
중국농촌주방제도구유＂일공＂、＂삼비＂、＂사보＂、＂오자＂적기본특점。농민주방겸구생산생활공능,겸구거주화사회보장공능。수착개혁개방화성진화발전,농민건방화농촌거민점조정우도전소미유적도전,응종국가공공정책각도구건중국농촌주방기본제도적이론광가화정책지인,보장농민재농촌적거주권익,의법제도규범농촌거민점（향진、촌락）적공간조정,해결성향건설용지합리조제사용적주요범식,여시구진지추동＂십이오＂농촌주방제도개혁。
China＇s housing system in rural areas is distinctive in four perspectives.The rural housing land is assigned to farmers by their village collectives free of charge under the principle of ＂one household can own only one piece of land＂.Farmers are not allowed to sell their land tenure to non-member of the same village or on the market.The government guarantees the supply of the rural housing land,the offerings of services in planning and managing house constructions,the safe dwelling of the most disadvantaged and the property rights of the house built on the land.Farmers have to finance themselves to build their house,which then becomes their own property and be granted the rights to manage and use the house at their discretion.The rural house serves more than just a living and production space it is an important component of social security in China＇s rural areas.As the country＇s reform and opening-up go further and the progressing of its urbanization,the government now faces unprecedented challenges in rural house constructions and the adjustment of rural dwelling locations.It has become imperative that a new theoretical framework and policy guidance regarding China＇s basic system of rural housing be developed from the perspective of national public policy.The framework should fulfill the purpose of protecting farmers＇ dwelling rights in rural areas,regulating the adjustment of rural dwelling locations,offering paradigm for adjusting urban-rural construction land usages and move forward the reform of rural housing system during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period.
