CAJ | 학술논문

义素是义位的组成要素，也是最小的、有区别意义的语义单位。义素可根据语义表达中的不同作用分为概念义素和功能义素。所有的义位都含有功能义素，大部分义位既含有功能义素又含有概念义素，而少部分义位只含有功能义素而不含概念义素。概念义素和功能义素对义位组合都很重要，离开概念义素则无法表达语义内涵，离开功能义素则无法组合为更大的语义单位。类属相同的义位具有相同的基本义素，类属不同的义位具有不同的基本义素。类属相同的义位在基本义素相同的前提下，还具有不同的下位义素，这是义位之间相互区别的重要特征。
의소시의위적조성요소，야시최소적、유구별의의적어의단위。의소가근거어의표체중적불동작용분위개념의소화공능의소。소유적의위도함유공능의소，대부분의위기함유공능의소우함유개념의소，이소부분의위지함유공능의소이불함개념의소。개념의소화공능의소대의위조합도흔중요，리개개념의소칙무법표체어의내함，리개공능의소칙무법조합위경대적어의단위。류속상동적의위구유상동적기본의소，류속불동적의위구유불동적기본의소。류속상동적의위재기본의소상동적전제하，환구유불동적하위의소，저시의위지간상호구별적중요특정。
As the smallest semantic unit, a sememe is the element of words, distinguishing their different meanings. According to the different functions in semantic expressions, they are to be divided into concept sememes and functional sememes. All words contain functional sememes, and most of them contain concept sememes at the same time ; however, a few words contain only the functional sememes with no concept ones at all. Both sememes play an important role in sentence construction. Without the concept sememes, we are unable to express the semantic connotations ; without the functional sememes, we may lose the ability to compose a larger semantic unit. Words of the same category have the same essential sememes, while the words of different categories have different essential sememes. In the case of the same essential sememes, the words of the same category can possess different inferior sememes, and this is the significant feature, telling the difference（s） from one word to another.