中国人口资源与环境
中國人口資源與環境
중국인구자원여배경
China Polulation.Resources and Environment
2011年
4期
19~24
,共null页
刘竹 耿涌 薛冰 董会娟 韩昊男
劉竹 耿湧 薛冰 董會娟 韓昊男
류죽 경용 설빙 동회연 한호남
低碳城市 “脱钩”模式 指标体系 定量化评价
低碳城市 “脫鉤”模式 指標體繫 定量化評價
저탄성시 “탈구”모식 지표체계 정양화평개
low-carbon city; ＂decoupling＂ model; indicator framework; quantitative assessment
由于历史及现状等诸多因素,以二氧化碳减排绝对量为基础的低碳城市评价模式并不适用于中国;本研究从经济发展、物质消耗与污染物排放相互关系的视角,以＂脱钩＂模式为目标层,经济发展、碳排放、污染物排放与经济发展为准则层,CO2排放等8个具体指标为指标层建立低碳城市评价指标体系,定量描述经济发展过程中单位GDP污染物排放降低的态势,进而表征城市发展过程中的经济、资源、环境变化的历史趋势并反映城市低碳建设现状。针对沈阳市的案例研究表明,沈阳市2001年至2008年总体的生态效率与资源利用效率呈现逐渐提高的态势,沈阳市现阶段的低碳城市建设水平处于＂相对脱钩＂阶段,与目前中国经济宏观发展态势相符合。本研究表明,＂脱钩＂评价模式可以避免基于污染物总量的评价模式中忽略经济发展因素而产生的片面性,可以表征中国当前经济高速发展前提下的城市低碳建设水平,为目前的＂低碳城市＂评价方法提供有益尝试。
由于歷史及現狀等諸多因素,以二氧化碳減排絕對量為基礎的低碳城市評價模式併不適用于中國;本研究從經濟髮展、物質消耗與汙染物排放相互關繫的視角,以＂脫鉤＂模式為目標層,經濟髮展、碳排放、汙染物排放與經濟髮展為準則層,CO2排放等8箇具體指標為指標層建立低碳城市評價指標體繫,定量描述經濟髮展過程中單位GDP汙染物排放降低的態勢,進而錶徵城市髮展過程中的經濟、資源、環境變化的歷史趨勢併反映城市低碳建設現狀。針對瀋暘市的案例研究錶明,瀋暘市2001年至2008年總體的生態效率與資源利用效率呈現逐漸提高的態勢,瀋暘市現階段的低碳城市建設水平處于＂相對脫鉤＂階段,與目前中國經濟宏觀髮展態勢相符閤。本研究錶明,＂脫鉤＂評價模式可以避免基于汙染物總量的評價模式中忽略經濟髮展因素而產生的片麵性,可以錶徵中國噹前經濟高速髮展前提下的城市低碳建設水平,為目前的＂低碳城市＂評價方法提供有益嘗試。
유우역사급현상등제다인소,이이양화탄감배절대량위기출적저탄성시평개모식병불괄용우중국;본연구종경제발전、물질소모여오염물배방상호관계적시각,이＂탈구＂모식위목표층,경제발전、탄배방、오염물배방여경제발전위준칙층,CO2배방등8개구체지표위지표층건립저탄성시평개지표체계,정량묘술경제발전과정중단위GDP오염물배방강저적태세,진이표정성시발전과정중적경제、자원、배경변화적역사추세병반영성시저탄건설현상。침대침양시적안례연구표명,침양시2001년지2008년총체적생태효솔여자원이용효솔정현축점제고적태세,침양시현계단적저탄성시건설수평처우＂상대탈구＂계단,여목전중국경제굉관발전태세상부합。본연구표명,＂탈구＂평개모식가이피면기우오염물총량적평개모식중홀략경제발전인소이산생적편면성,가이표정중국당전경제고속발전전제하적성시저탄건설수평,위목전적＂저탄성시＂평개방법제공유익상시。
Due to such factors as Chinese urbanization history and trends,the current low-carbon city which is based on total carbon emission reduction is not suitable to Chinese cases.That＇s why this paper is aimed at developing a new indicator framework to judge Chinese low-carbon cities.Initiated by the dynamics of economic development,material consumption and pollutant emissions,this paper constructs an indicator framework of low-carbon city index of 8 specific criteria with decoupling as the target,and maintenance of economic development and reduction of carbon emission and pollutant emission as principles.By utilizing this model,the urbanization history and low-carbon progress of a city can be easily displayed. This paper conducts a case study in the city of Shenyang.The result indicates： ①CO_2 emission,air pollutant emission and industrial energy consumption are growing dramatically between 2001 and 2008;②eco-efficiency and resource efficiency is increasing along with the rapid economic growth;③based on the empirical analysis,the low-carbon progress of Shenyang is in the ＂decoupling＂ status,which matches the macro trend in China. The research shows that the indicator framework based on ＂decoupling＂ theory can better showcase the low-carbon progress of Chinese cities for it avoids the bias brought by the ignorance of economic growth under the index system based on total carbon emission reduction.Hence,the indicator framework based on decoupling provides an illuminating example of showcasing Chinese low-carbon efforts.
