CAJ | 학술논문

作为特大型城市,上海2008年常住人口总量已达1 888万,城市化水平也以87%高居全国首位。通过分析上海1978-2008年30年来人口变化特征及其资源环境效应表明,伴随着人口规模不断扩大和城市化水平快速提升,2008年上海居民生活电耗和水耗分别是1978年的17倍和5倍,占资源消费总量的比例也逐年快速攀升;生活废水排放量已取代工业废水成为最大贡献源,占废水排放总量的比例高达80%;生活废气排放总量相对稳定。针对上海实现可持续发展所面临的人口难题,从依据人口发展规律调整城市发展战略,通过产业结构调整带动经济增长方式转变,切实加大环保投入力度促进治污防污,进一步提高公众环保意识和企业环保责任等几个方面提出了破解这一难题的对策与建议。
작위특대형성시,상해2008년상주인구총량이체1 888만,성시화수평야이87%고거전국수위。통과분석상해1978-2008년30년래인구변화특정급기자원배경효응표명,반수착인구규모불단확대화성시화수평쾌속제승,2008년상해거민생활전모화수모분별시1978년적17배화5배,점자원소비총량적비례야축년쾌속반승;생활폐수배방량이취대공업폐수성위최대공헌원,점폐수배방총량적비례고체80%;생활폐기배방총량상대은정。침대상해실현가지속발전소면림적인구난제,종의거인구발전규률조정성시발전전략,통과산업결구조정대동경제증장방식전변,절실가대배보투입력도촉진치오방오,진일보제고공음배보의식화기업배보책임등궤개방면제출료파해저일난제적대책여건의。
Regarded as the super big city,the population in Shanghai has exceeded 18.88 million and the urbanization rate is the highest among the country which is as high as 87%.The change of population in Shanghai during the last 30 years as well as its resource and environmental effect is reviewed.It is indicated that the expanded population and raised urbanization level have brought out the residential electricity consumption 17 times and water consumption 5 times of those of 1978,and that the contribution from residential section has also been rising year by year rapidly.Residential waste water discharge has become the largest contribution source instead of industrial discharge presenting a 80 percentage of total urban discharge and the emission of residential exhaust gas is relatively stabilized.In terms of the problems Shanghai is facing to realize the sustainable development,suggestions were provided on city developing strategy,industrial structure adjustment,environmental investment increase,public awareness enhancement,and the promotion of environmental responsibility on enterprises.