心理发展与教育
心理髮展與教育
심리발전여교육
Psychological Development and Education
2011年
3期
255~259
,共null页
表扬 内隐智力理论 能力 努力
錶颺 內隱智力理論 能力 努力
표양 내은지력이론 능력 노력
praise ; implicit theory of intelligence ; ability ; effort
以101名小学五年级的儿童为被试,采用实验法考察小学高年级儿童内隐智力理论的特点,及不同归因取向的表扬对儿童内隐智力理论的影响。结果表明：（1）三组儿童对智力不可控性的得分显著低于中值,说明小学高年级儿童持有智力的发展观;控制组对努力因素的重要性评定显著高于能力因素,说明小学高年级儿童强调努力的重要性;（2）接受能力取向表扬的儿童对智力不可控性的得分显著高于接受努力取向表扬的儿童和控制组,表明能力取向的表扬使儿童倾向于认为智力是不可控的。
以101名小學五年級的兒童為被試,採用實驗法攷察小學高年級兒童內隱智力理論的特點,及不同歸因取嚮的錶颺對兒童內隱智力理論的影響。結果錶明：（1）三組兒童對智力不可控性的得分顯著低于中值,說明小學高年級兒童持有智力的髮展觀;控製組對努力因素的重要性評定顯著高于能力因素,說明小學高年級兒童彊調努力的重要性;（2）接受能力取嚮錶颺的兒童對智力不可控性的得分顯著高于接受努力取嚮錶颺的兒童和控製組,錶明能力取嚮的錶颺使兒童傾嚮于認為智力是不可控的。
이101명소학오년급적인동위피시,채용실험법고찰소학고년급인동내은지력이론적특점,급불동귀인취향적표양대인동내은지력이론적영향。결과표명：（1）삼조인동대지력불가공성적득분현저저우중치,설명소학고년급인동지유지력적발전관;공제조대노력인소적중요성평정현저고우능력인소,설명소학고년급인동강조노력적중요성;（2）접수능력취향표양적인동대지력불가공성적득분현저고우접수노력취향표양적인동화공제조,표명능력취향적표양사인동경향우인위지력시불가공적。
With 101 children of 5^th-grade students as subjects, the experimental study explored the characteristics of the development of implicit theory of intelligence and the influences of praise on it. The results were： （a） All children in three different conditions endorsed an incremental theory of intelligence, indicating children in higher grader of primary school in our country emphasized the plasticity of intelligence; children in the control condition rated effort more important than ability, indicating children in higher grader of primary school considered effort more important for our achievement; （b） The degree to which the groups endorsed an entity theory of intelligence showed significant differences among the children in the three conditions, children that praised for ability more inclined to consider intelligence as an fixed,uncontrollable trait.
