中国人口资源与环境
中國人口資源與環境
중국인구자원여배경
China Polulation.Resources and Environment
2011年
5期
93~100
,共null页
生活消费 能耗 碳排放 节能减排 中国
生活消費 能耗 碳排放 節能減排 中國
생활소비 능모 탄배방 절능감배 중국
household consumption ; energy use ;carbon emissions ;energy saving and emission reduction ; China
居民家庭生活能源消费与碳排放越来越不容忽视，开展这方面研究对予促进居民可持续消费、寻找新的节能减排途径都具有十分重要的意义。本文在考察量化1999—2007年中凰城镇居民生活直接、间接能源消费及其碳排放连续变化的基础上，探究了这段时期生活能耗与碳排放的动态变化特征，并分析其潜在的影响因素。研究主要结论包括：1999—2007年。中国城镇居民人均生活总能耗和碳排总量都呈现出逐年增加趋势，其中间接能耗与碳排始终太于直接能耗与碳排，但二者的差异正在逐年缩小；对予人均直接能毵与碳排来说，二者总量都呈逐年增加趋势，其中电力和煤炭是最主要的直接能源消费品种，也是最主要的碳排来源；对于人均间接能耗与碳排来说，虽然居民生活消费开支逐年递增，但由于各类消费项的单位产值能源强度在逐年下降，因此总的间接能耗与碳排并没呈现出一定的递增或递减趋势，而是出现波动性变化。其中“食品”、“教育文化娱乐服务”和“居住”3项是居民生活间接能耗与碳排的主要来源；人均住宅建筑面积是居民生活碳排变化的主要影响因子。研究结论为引导可持续的家庭消费模式和节能减排措施的制定提供管理启示与科学依据。
居民傢庭生活能源消費與碳排放越來越不容忽視，開展這方麵研究對予促進居民可持續消費、尋找新的節能減排途徑都具有十分重要的意義。本文在攷察量化1999—2007年中凰城鎮居民生活直接、間接能源消費及其碳排放連續變化的基礎上，探究瞭這段時期生活能耗與碳排放的動態變化特徵，併分析其潛在的影響因素。研究主要結論包括：1999—2007年。中國城鎮居民人均生活總能耗和碳排總量都呈現齣逐年增加趨勢，其中間接能耗與碳排始終太于直接能耗與碳排，但二者的差異正在逐年縮小；對予人均直接能毿與碳排來說，二者總量都呈逐年增加趨勢，其中電力和煤炭是最主要的直接能源消費品種，也是最主要的碳排來源；對于人均間接能耗與碳排來說，雖然居民生活消費開支逐年遞增，但由于各類消費項的單位產值能源彊度在逐年下降，因此總的間接能耗與碳排併沒呈現齣一定的遞增或遞減趨勢，而是齣現波動性變化。其中“食品”、“教育文化娛樂服務”和“居住”3項是居民生活間接能耗與碳排的主要來源；人均住宅建築麵積是居民生活碳排變化的主要影響因子。研究結論為引導可持續的傢庭消費模式和節能減排措施的製定提供管理啟示與科學依據。
거민가정생활능원소비여탄배방월래월불용홀시，개전저방면연구대여촉진거민가지속소비、심조신적절능감배도경도구유십분중요적의의。본문재고찰양화1999—2007년중황성진거민생활직접、간접능원소비급기탄배방련속변화적기출상，탐구료저단시기생활능모여탄배방적동태변화특정，병분석기잠재적영향인소。연구주요결론포괄：1999—2007년。중국성진거민인균생활총능모화탄배총량도정현출축년증가추세，기중간접능모여탄배시종태우직접능모여탄배，단이자적차이정재축년축소；대여인균직접능삼여탄배래설，이자총량도정축년증가추세，기중전력화매탄시최주요적직접능원소비품충，야시최주요적탄배래원；대우인균간접능모여탄배래설，수연거민생활소비개지축년체증，단유우각류소비항적단위산치능원강도재축년하강，인차총적간접능모여탄배병몰정현출일정적체증혹체감추세，이시출현파동성변화。기중“식품”、“교육문화오악복무”화“거주”3항시거민생활간접능모여탄배적주요래원；인균주택건축면적시거민생활탄배변화적주요영향인자。연구결론위인도가지속적가정소비모식화절능감배조시적제정제공관리계시여과학의거。
Urban household energy use and carbon emission are becoming a hotspot and the related researches will contribute to promoting the sustainable household consumption and exploring the new ways of energy saving and emissions reduction. In this paper, by investigating the direct and indirect energy use and carbon emission of urban household consumption in China from 1999 to 2007, the dynamic characteristics of Chinese urban household energy use and carbon enfission were analyzed, as well as the potential influencing factors. Results showed that, from 1999 to 2007 urban household energy use and carbon emissions per capita were hmreasing and the indirect energy use and carbon emissions were always more than the direct ones. However, the differences between them were decreasing gradually. Both the direct energy use and direct carbon emissions were increasing year by year. Electricity and coal were the two major proportions of ＂the direct energy use and carbon emission. The indirect energy use and indirect carbon emissions didn＇t show a definite trend of increasing or decreasing but fluctuated from year to year. The decline of the energy intensity of household consumption neutralized the impact of the household consumption growth. ＂Food＂, ＂education, cultural and recreation sen＇ices and ＂residences＂ were the three main sources of indirect energy use and carbon emissions in urban households. Building space in urban areas per capita was proved an important factor for the dynamic change of urban household carbon emissions. We hope the result will provide management inspiration and scientific basis for guiding the sustainable household consumption pattern and establishing effective energy saving measures.
