CAJ | 학술논문

本文采用情景模拟实验的方法，以大学生为研究对象，通过模拟现实环境中虚拟团队的工作方式，考察了虚拟团队协作过程中个体信任六个因子（风险、利益、实用价值、影响力、兴趣以及努力程度）的发展。实验历时两个月，共进行三次问卷调查，收集了不同阶段各个团队个体信任六个因子变化发展的数据。本研究运用蜘蛛图和平衡秤模型分析了积极团队和消极团队个体信任发展的差异。研究结果表明，在虚拟团队发展的早期，个人利益和兴趣是影响个体信任的主要因子，随着团队任务的进展，实用价值成为后期主要的影响因素之一；在虚拟团队发展早期，成员间可能会发生较为激烈的人际和任务冲突，并对兴趣和努力等因子产生消极的影响；相对于消将团队，积极团队更专注于团队任务，成员更乐于参与团队协作并提高自身的影响力。
본문채용정경모의실험적방법，이대학생위연구대상，통과모의현실배경중허의단대적공작방식，고찰료허의단대협작과정중개체신임륙개인자（풍험、이익、실용개치、영향력、흥취이급노력정도）적발전。실험력시량개월，공진행삼차문권조사，수집료불동계단각개단대개체신임륙개인자변화발전적수거。본연구운용지주도화평형칭모형분석료적겁단대화소겁단대개체신임발전적차이。연구결과표명，재허의단대발전적조기，개인이익화흥취시영향개체신임적주요인자，수착단대임무적진전，실용개치성위후기주요적영향인소지일；재허의단대발전조기，성원간가능회발생교위격렬적인제화임무충돌，병대흥취화노력등인자산생소겁적영향；상대우소장단대，적겁단대경전주우단대임무，성원경악우삼여단대협작병제고자신적영향력。
Virtual teams are groups of geographically or organizationally dispersed co-workers that are assembled using a combination of telecommunications and information technologies to accomplish an organizational task. The characteristics of virtual teams have computer communication significantly more than face-to-face communication; team members are geographically organizationally dispersed; members have a common goal and engage in interdependent works. Three characteristics were used as the standards when we designed and constructed a virtual team in the experiment. Effective operation of the team depends on mutual trust among members, especially in virtual teams. The characteristics of trust development in virtual teams were discussed in the scenario simulation approach; and trust was dividided into six factors to reveal the characteristics of virtual team trust development over stages and the relationships of the six factors in all stages were examined. The scenario simulation approach was used to examine the virtual team trust development. Student teams were frequently used as target users for researchers to test or evaluate techniques and models in the team decision and collaboration research area. We selected five student teams from a university, each of which aimed to do the same team project over two months. There were six students in a team, each using QQ, MSN and e-mail to communicate with each other. Each team had the same team project to evaluate and redesign a website. Each experimental team has a leader whose responsibilities were organizing discussion, urging members to fill out the questionnaire and keeping records of communication. The team collaboration was controlled in the network environment and team members were not allowed to discuss problems in the task face-to-face. The discussions were held twice a week, and the experiment lasted for two months. We conducted three surveys during the two months： after the first online discussion; a month later; at the end of the experiment. At the end of the experiment, we conducted an in-depth interview of each team to collect reasons for the differences of individual trust development of each team. The six factors of virtual team members included virtual team collaboration and decision making. Risk, benefit, utility value, power, effort and interest were six factors that influenced individual trust development. The results showed that in the early stages of the development of virtual teams, benefit and interests were the main factors affecting the individual trust; with the progress of team tasks, utility became one of the major factors; in the early stage, members might display a fairly strong interpersonal and task conflict with possible negative impact on interest and efforts; compared with the negative team, the positive team focused more on the task and its members were more willing to participate in teamwork and enhance their power.