CAJ | 학술논문

本文利用随机前沿生产函数对我国2003—2009年30个省市区的面板数据进行分析，估计了我国发电行业的技术效率，并对所有权结构、环境规制等因素对发电行业效率的影响进行了实证检验。本文的主要发现和结论是：①我国发电行业总体的技术效率水平较低，技术效率的变动趋势随时间变化呈开口向下的抛物线形态；②所有权结构对于发电行业技术效率存在显著影响；环境规制与发电行业技术效率呈现“U型”关系；企业规模与生产无效率呈现开口向下的抛物线关系；电价、煤炭价格与发电行业效率分别呈现正向和负向关系，与已有研究结论不同的是，本文发现这一关系并不显著：短期内标准煤耗的降低尽管减少了燃料投入．但却需要更多资本投入．从而形成了对发电行业效率的负向影响；设备利用率的提高对于发电行业效率具有显著的正向影响。本文还根据以上结论．对于提升我国发电行业的效率水平提出了相应的政策建议。
본문이용수궤전연생산함수대아국2003—2009년30개성시구적면판수거진행분석，고계료아국발전행업적기술효솔，병대소유권결구、배경규제등인소대발전행업효솔적영향진행료실증검험。본문적주요발현화결론시：①아국발전행업총체적기술효솔수평교저，기술효솔적변동추세수시간변화정개구향하적포물선형태；②소유권결구대우발전행업기술효솔존재현저영향；배경규제여발전행업기술효솔정현“U형”관계；기업규모여생산무효솔정현개구향하적포물선관계；전개、매탄개격여발전행업효솔분별정현정향화부향관계，여이유연구결론불동적시，본문발현저일관계병불현저：단기내표준매모적강저진관감소료연료투입．단각수요경다자본투입．종이형성료대발전행업효솔적부향영향；설비이용솔적제고대우발전행업효솔구유현저적정향영향。본문환근거이상결론．대우제승아국발전행업적효솔수평제출료상응적정책건의。
Based on stochastic frontier production function, the paper analyses the panel data of 30 provinces from 2003--2009 and measures the technical efficiency scores of Chinese power generation industry. The major findings include：（1）The average technical efficiency score of power generation is very low, and with the time passing,the curve of technical efficiency changing trend is featured by down-looking parabola. （2）Ownership structure has a significant influence on technical efficiency of power generation industry; the relationship of environment regulation and technical efficiency presents a U-shape curve; the relationship of size and inefficiency also featured by down-looking parabola; electricity and coal price has positive and negative correlation with technical efficiency respectively, but both are not significant; standard coal consumption has a negative influence on technical efficiency in the short run due to the more capital input instead of less fuel input; capacity utilization rate has significant influence on technical efficiency. At the end, some policy implications are proposed to enhance the technical efficiency score of Chinese power generation industry.