CAJ | 학술논문

孔德、斯宾塞创立了实证主义社会有机体学说,他们从实证的生物学角度来理解社会,提出了社会的有机性、协调性、自组织性和结构功能性等特点。但由于他们对社会认识的基点是把社会看成纯自然的生物机体,抽掉人的主观性,单纯从客观方面去理解,最终导致学说走向还原化、简单化、庸俗化,因而未能对社会有机体作出科学的揭示。马克思基于实践基础上的社会有机体理论,第一次科学地揭示了社会有机体的实践本质,在阐释理路、理论基础、阶级立场和价值取向等方面实现了对实证主义社会有机体学说的变革和超越,从而使社会有机体理论成为科学的理论。
공덕、사빈새창립료실증주의사회유궤체학설,타문종실증적생물학각도래리해사회,제출료사회적유궤성、협조성、자조직성화결구공능성등특점。단유우타문대사회인식적기점시파사회간성순자연적생물궤체,추도인적주관성,단순종객관방면거리해,최종도치학설주향환원화、간단화、용속화,인이미능대사회유궤체작출과학적게시。마극사기우실천기출상적사회유궤체이론,제일차과학지게시료사회유궤체적실천본질,재천석리로、이론기출、계급립장화개치취향등방면실현료대실증주의사회유궤체학설적변혁화초월,종이사사회유궤체이론성위과학적이론。
Comte and Spencer established social organism doctrine based on positivism.They viewed society from a positive and biological perspective,and presented the organic,coordinative,self-organized and structural functional features of society.However,based on the perception that society was a purely natural living organism,they excluded human subjectivity and interpreted simply from an objective aspect,which led the theory to reduction,simplification and vulgarization,failing to make a scientific explanation for social organism.With the theory that social organism was based on practice view,Marx scientifically revealed the practical essence of social organism for the first time,which surpassed social organism doctrine based on positivism through explaining principle road,theoretical basis,class standpoint and value orientation and so on,thus becoming the scientific theory of social organism.