CAJ | 학술논문

本文运用1998年至2009年我国A股上市公司的数据对劳动份额进行了实证研究,通过运用生产函数估计了劳动对产出的贡献,并采用系统GMM方法分析了劳动份额偏离劳动贡献的原因。本文发现劳动份额偏低,且先下降后上升,逆经济周期变化趋势比较明显。从生产函数的估计结果来看,劳动者所得低于其对产出的贡献,在企业的初次分配中存在着对劳动者不公的现象;通过考察劳动对产出贡献的变化趋势,我们发现,劳动对产出的贡献在逐渐上升,虽然进一步拉大了与劳动份额的差距,但是对后期劳动份额的提高也起了正面作用。进一步的分析表明,产品市场的竞争程度、劳动者的谈判能力以及经济波动是导致劳动份额偏离劳动贡献的重要因素。
본문운용1998년지2009년아국A고상시공사적수거대노동빈액진행료실증연구,통과운용생산함수고계료노동대산출적공헌,병채용계통GMM방법분석료노동빈액편리노동공헌적원인。본문발현노동빈액편저,차선하강후상승,역경제주기변화추세비교명현。종생산함수적고계결과래간,노동자소득저우기대산출적공헌,재기업적초차분배중존재착대노동자불공적현상;통과고찰노동대산출공헌적변화추세,아문발현,노동대산출적공헌재축점상승,수연진일보랍대료여노동빈액적차거,단시대후기노동빈액적제고야기료정면작용。진일보적분석표명,산품시장적경쟁정도、노동자적담판능력이급경제파동시도치노동빈액편리노동공헌적중요인소。
Based on the Chinese A-share listed companies＇ database from 1998 to 2009,we study the labor income share of the national income＇s primary distribution empirically.We investigate the contribution of labor to output by estimating the production function and analysis the reason of the labor income share＇s deviation from the labor contribution further using the system GMM method.We find the labor income share of the primary distribution is on the low side and present the U-shape trend which is more remarkable against the economic cycle.From the estimated results of the production function,the labor income share owned by labor is well lower than their contribution to output which is unfair to the labor in the companies＇ primary distribution.According to the trend of labor contribution to output,it is increasing gradually.Although this expand the disparity from the labor income share,but it also plays a positive role in raising the labor income share later.Further analysis show that the degree of competition in product markets,the bargaining power of labors and economic fluctuations are important factors which caused the deviation between labor income share and labor contribution.