CAJ | 학술논문

推行国家职业资格证书是我国劳动就业政策的重要内容,也是广大劳动者非学历职业教育的主要方式,对加强技能人才培养、促进劳动力市场建设等方面具有重要意义。本文利用5家制造型企业21个生产车间的调查数据,对国家职业资格证书与工人的技能水平和年收入之间的关系进行了研究。研究发现,获得国家职业资格证书的工人在技能水平上显著高于无证工人,证书等级越高,技能水平越高。与无证工人相比,初级工和中级工证书的收入效应约为9.5%,高级工证书的收入效应为11.0%,技师及以上等级证书的收入效应显著上升至24.0%。进一步的分析揭示,初级工、中级工和高级工证书的收入效应主要是因为工人技能水平提高带来的;技师以上等级证书的收入效应一方面来源于工人技能水平的提高,另一方面则是由一些非技能因素造成的。
추행국가직업자격증서시아국노동취업정책적중요내용,야시엄대노동자비학력직업교육적주요방식,대가강기능인재배양、촉진노동력시장건설등방면구유중요의의。본문이용5가제조형기업21개생산차간적조사수거,대국가직업자격증서여공인적기능수평화년수입지간적관계진행료연구。연구발현,획득국가직업자격증서적공인재기능수평상현저고우무증공인,증서등급월고,기능수평월고。여무증공인상비,초급공화중급공증서적수입효응약위9.5%,고급공증서적수입효응위11.0%,기사급이상등급증서적수입효응현저상승지24.0%。진일보적분석게시,초급공、중급공화고급공증서적수입효응주요시인위공인기능수평제고대래적;기사이상등급증서적수입효응일방면래원우공인기능수평적제고,령일방면칙시유일사비기능인소조성적。
The promotion of vocational qualification certificates is one of important labor and employment policies in China,which is the primary mean of non-degree vocational education for employees,and is also significant for training human capital and activating labor market.Using micro data from twenty-one workshops in five manufacturing enterprises,we tested the impact of different levels of national vocational qualification certificates on technical workers＇ skills and earnings.Results showed that national vocational qualification certificates were positively correlated with skill levels of technical workers.We also found significantly positive relations between vocational qualification certificates and the earnings of technical workers.Compared with workers who had not any certificates,the primary worker（Level 5） and intermediate worker（Level 4） certificates could bring about 9.5% wage premium,and the advanced worker certificates（Level 3） could bring about 11% wage premium,while the wage premium of technician or higher level certificates（Level 2 and Level 1） was increased significantly to 24%.The further analysis revealed that workers＇ skills fully mediated the relations between the earnings and the certificates of Level 5,Level 4 and Level 3,partially mediated the relations between the earnings and the certificates of Level 2 and Level 1.