CAJ | 학술논문

公共选择理论认为，对于公众而言，政府组织行政效率低下问题的重要原因之一在于政府行为同样具有“经济人”特征，即政府组织及其官员出于“利己”本性，同样追求自身利益最大化。尽管“人性”使然而难以改变，但是通过政府治理过程，并在公众监督下逐渐改进政府行为，提高其行政效率还是可能的。改革开放以来，我国政府治理工作一直在积极进行中，但至今成效不甚明显。有关历史研究说明：在我国，政治改革滞后成为单纯制度建设难以提升政府绩效的深层原因，因此政府治理工作仍任重道远；实现合意的政府治理之根本途径是建立相应的政治保障机制、法规约束机制和道德自律机制；就目前我国政府治理状况而言，当务之急是建立一支能够道德自律的官员队伍。
공공선택이론인위，대우공음이언，정부조직행정효솔저하문제적중요원인지일재우정부행위동양구유“경제인”특정，즉정부조직급기관원출우“이기”본성，동양추구자신이익최대화。진관“인성”사연이난이개변，단시통과정부치리과정，병재공음감독하축점개진정부행위，제고기행정효솔환시가능적。개혁개방이래，아국정부치리공작일직재적겁진행중，단지금성효불심명현。유관역사연구설명：재아국，정치개혁체후성위단순제도건설난이제승정부적효적심층원인，인차정부치리공작잉임중도원；실현합의적정부치리지근본도경시건립상응적정치보장궤제、법규약속궤제화도덕자률궤제；취목전아국정부치리상황이언，당무지급시건립일지능구도덕자률적관원대오。
Public choice theory holds that, to the public, an important reason for the low administrative efficiency in governmental agencies is that the government is also an ＂economic man＂. That is, driven by ＂egoism＂, govern- ment agencies and officials also seek to maximize their profits. Although it is human nature to be after profit maxi- mization and it is hard to change such a nature, administrative efficiency could be raised through improving govern- ment governance and placing government under public supervision. Since the reform and opening-up, China has been vigorously promoting government governance. However, the efforts have not paid off and no significant a- chievement has been made. Relevant historical study suggests that the underlying cause of the problem is that polit- ical reform has been lagging behind institutional construction, which renders government governance improvement a long-term task. History also tells us that it is essential to establish appropriate political guarantee mechanism, legal constraint mechanism and moral self-discipline mechanism to achieve the goal of good government governance. Therefore, it is imperative to have morally self-disciplined officials at various governments to ensure government governance improvement.