CAJ | 학술논문

以115名7、10、13岁儿童为研究对象,采用配对联想学习、倒序背数、字母-数字排序、图画概念和矩阵推理等测验,考察联想学习与工作记忆在流体智力发展中的作用。结果发现：联想学习与工作记忆在流体智力发展中均起着重要的作用,然而,在不同年龄上,两者对流体智力的作用并不相同。具体来说,在7岁时,联想学习对流体智力的作用显著,而工作记忆的作用不显著;到10岁和13岁时,工作记忆对流体智力的作用显著,而联想学习的作用不再显著。从效应量来看,随着年龄的增长,联想学习对流体智力的作用逐渐减小,而工作记忆的作用则逐渐增加。
이115명7、10、13세인동위연구대상,채용배대련상학습、도서배수、자모-수자배서、도화개념화구진추리등측험,고찰련상학습여공작기억재류체지력발전중적작용。결과발현：련상학습여공작기억재류체지력발전중균기착중요적작용,연이,재불동년령상,량자대류체지력적작용병불상동。구체래설,재7세시,련상학습대류체지력적작용현저,이공작기억적작용불현저;도10세화13세시,공작기억대류체지력적작용현저,이련상학습적작용불재현저。종효응량래간,수착년령적증장,련상학습대류체지력적작용축점감소,이공작기억적작용칙축점증가。
The present study recruited 115 children aged 7,10,and 13 to clarify the role of associative learning and working memory in the development of fluid intelligence by using Associate Learning Test from Wechsler Memory Scale,Paired-Associate Learning Test,and Picture Concepts,Matrix Reasoning,Digit Span Backward and Letter-Number Sequencing Tests from Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children. The results demonstrated that both associative learning and working memory could significantly account the age difference of fluid intelligence. However,associative learning plays a larger role than working memory in fluid intelligence at 7-year-old group,whereas working memory plays larger roles in 10-and 13-year-old groups. To sum up,as children grow older the role of associative learning in fluid intelligence is decreasing,while the role of working memory is increasing.