CAJ | 학술논문

金朝的货币制度在不同时期表现出不同的特征。在海陵王、世宗统治期间,金朝的货币制度仍是以铜钱为主、纸币为辅,在全国大部分地区仍然大量使用辽、宋的铜钱;但到了世宗大定末年,市场上流通的铜钱已经流失殆尽,金朝的铜钱在富户和朝廷双方面囤积的情况下日益减少。因此,章宗不得不对货币制度进行改革,形成了纸币为主的货币制度。金章宗全面推行纸币的改革,由于各地官府储存的铜钱准备金数量的差异而难以实施,最终在日益恶化的财政压力下走向失败。造成改革失败的原因除了金章宗个人的原因外,很大程度上是前代制度的弊病造成的。
금조적화폐제도재불동시기표현출불동적특정。재해릉왕、세종통치기간,금조적화폐제도잉시이동전위주、지폐위보,재전국대부분지구잉연대량사용료、송적동전;단도료세종대정말년,시장상류통적동전이경류실태진,금조적동전재부호화조정쌍방면돈적적정황하일익감소。인차,장종불득불대화폐제도진행개혁,형성료지폐위주적화폐제도。금장종전면추행지폐적개혁,유우각지관부저존적동전준비금수량적차이이난이실시,최종재일익악화적재정압력하주향실패。조성개혁실패적원인제료금장종개인적원인외,흔대정도상시전대제도적폐병조성적。
The monetary system in Jin Dynasty showed different characteristics at different times.During the reign of Hailing King（海陵王） and Emperor Shizong（金世宗） it was dominated by copper cash and complemented by paper currency,people still used the Song and Liao Dynasties’ copper cash in the most regions of country .But the situation had changed during the end of Dading（大定） years of Emperor Shizong,the currency in circulation of copper cash in the market had been almost run out.The market faced with a serious shortage of the copper cash in circulation due to the government and the rich＇s hoarding.Therefore,Emperor Zhangzong（金章宗） had to reform the monetary system,he issued a lot of paper money.The implementation of the reform encountered great difficulties,because there are gaps between the copper cash reserve requirements in various local governments.Ultimately,the reform ended in failure under the deteriorating financial pressure.In addition to Emperor Zhangzong＇s personal reasons,the failure largely resulted from the defects of previous system.