中国人口资源与环境
中國人口資源與環境
중국인구자원여배경
China Polulation.Resources and Environment
2011年
8期
15~21
,共null页
农村居民 收入不平等 夏普里值过程 回归分解
農村居民 收入不平等 夏普裏值過程 迴歸分解
농촌거민 수입불평등 하보리치과정 회귀분해
rural residents; income inequality; Shapley Value progress; regression decomposition
认识农村居民收入差距现状并研究引致收入差距的因素,对缩小收入差距的政策制定有重要意义。本文利用内蒙古和甘肃2个省1 500户农户的截面数据,采用夏普里值过程对Gini系数、Theil指数、Atkinson指数这三个不平等指标进行回归分解。分解结果稳健地发现,以县域为代理变量的外部环境因素对收入差距具有重要影响,非农劳动力、培训比和家庭男劳动力比对收入差距的相对贡献度较大,而平均年龄、家庭人口和平均教育对收入差距的相对贡献较小。作为社会网络的人情收支和作为物质资本的人均土地面积对收入差距的贡献极小。从缓解中国西部农村地区间的不平等的角度看,长期而言,支持和促进地区经济发展,增加非农就业机会,提供平等的教育和培训机会,有利于缓解收入不平等。而在城市化进程中,处理好土地问题,避免作为物质资本的土地成为引致不平等的因素,对于未来控制不平等状况有重要意义。
認識農村居民收入差距現狀併研究引緻收入差距的因素,對縮小收入差距的政策製定有重要意義。本文利用內矇古和甘肅2箇省1 500戶農戶的截麵數據,採用夏普裏值過程對Gini繫數、Theil指數、Atkinson指數這三箇不平等指標進行迴歸分解。分解結果穩健地髮現,以縣域為代理變量的外部環境因素對收入差距具有重要影響,非農勞動力、培訓比和傢庭男勞動力比對收入差距的相對貢獻度較大,而平均年齡、傢庭人口和平均教育對收入差距的相對貢獻較小。作為社會網絡的人情收支和作為物質資本的人均土地麵積對收入差距的貢獻極小。從緩解中國西部農村地區間的不平等的角度看,長期而言,支持和促進地區經濟髮展,增加非農就業機會,提供平等的教育和培訓機會,有利于緩解收入不平等。而在城市化進程中,處理好土地問題,避免作為物質資本的土地成為引緻不平等的因素,對于未來控製不平等狀況有重要意義。
인식농촌거민수입차거현상병연구인치수입차거적인소,대축소수입차거적정책제정유중요의의。본문이용내몽고화감숙2개성1 500호농호적절면수거,채용하보리치과정대Gini계수、Theil지수、Atkinson지수저삼개불평등지표진행회귀분해。분해결과은건지발현,이현역위대리변량적외부배경인소대수입차거구유중요영향,비농노동력、배훈비화가정남노동력비대수입차거적상대공헌도교대,이평균년령、가정인구화평균교육대수입차거적상대공헌교소。작위사회망락적인정수지화작위물질자본적인균토지면적대수입차거적공헌겁소。종완해중국서부농촌지구간적불평등적각도간,장기이언,지지화촉진지구경제발전,증가비농취업궤회,제공평등적교육화배훈궤회,유리우완해수입불평등。이재성시화진정중,처리호토지문제,피면작위물질자본적토지성위인치불평등적인소,대우미래공제불평등상황유중요의의。
Realizing the current situation of income disparity among rural residents and also the relevant factors contributing to the inequality is important for social planners to formulate certain policies to narrow the income gap.Based on the cross-section data of 1 500 peasant households from the Inner Mongolia and Gansu province,this paper finds the income inequality of rural residents by Gini index,Theil index and Atkinson index,and then carries out regression decomposition of these three unequal indexes by the method of Shapley Value progress.The decomposition results consistently show that the county as a proxy variable of the external environment factors to the income gap has important influence,and non-farm workforce scale,ratio of training and ratio of male labor in the family make relatively greater contribution to the income gap,and the average age,family population and average family education level make relatively smaller contribution.Custom expenditures as social network capital and the land area per capita as material capital make little contribution.From the perspective of reducing inequality in the rural areas of west China,supporting and promoting regional economic development,increasing non-farm jobs,and providing equal education opportunities and training opportunities can reduce the income inequality in the long term.And in the process of urbanization,correctly dealing with land problems and preventing land from becoming contribution factors to income inequality will have important meaning for future control of income gap.
