中国人口资源与环境
中國人口資源與環境
중국인구자원여배경
China Polulation.Resources and Environment
2011年
9期
1~7
,共null页
转型期 水环境治理 政府责任
轉型期 水環境治理 政府責任
전형기 수배경치리 정부책임
transition period ; water environment governance ; government responsibility
水环境问题已成为制约我国长期可持续发展的主要瓶颈。如何有效治理水环境问题已引起全社会的普遍关注。本文在全面分析水环境公共物品属性以及水环境问题的客观现实的基础上，论证了政府承担治理水环境责任的必要性。进而对现阶段政府承担的水环境治理责任进行研究。归纳出其环境治理责任主要有财政责任、制度责任、监管责任和社会整合责任。然后对水环境治理中政府责任存在的现实问题进行深入分析，揭示其问题主要表现为：责任主体边界模糊、责任分布以“行政”为主导、责任履行中“越位”与“缺位”并存、责任种类中重直接投入轻间接引导。最后。提出水环境治理中的政府责任应该在坚持财权与事权统一、政府主导与责任分担统一、制度设计、监管与实施合理分离、政府引导与社会参与相结合的原则基础上，按照分类、分项、分级来构建转型期水环境治理中政府的应然责任框架体系。
水環境問題已成為製約我國長期可持續髮展的主要瓶頸。如何有效治理水環境問題已引起全社會的普遍關註。本文在全麵分析水環境公共物品屬性以及水環境問題的客觀現實的基礎上，論證瞭政府承擔治理水環境責任的必要性。進而對現階段政府承擔的水環境治理責任進行研究。歸納齣其環境治理責任主要有財政責任、製度責任、鑑管責任和社會整閤責任。然後對水環境治理中政府責任存在的現實問題進行深入分析，揭示其問題主要錶現為：責任主體邊界模糊、責任分佈以“行政”為主導、責任履行中“越位”與“缺位”併存、責任種類中重直接投入輕間接引導。最後。提齣水環境治理中的政府責任應該在堅持財權與事權統一、政府主導與責任分擔統一、製度設計、鑑管與實施閤理分離、政府引導與社會參與相結閤的原則基礎上，按照分類、分項、分級來構建轉型期水環境治理中政府的應然責任框架體繫。
수배경문제이성위제약아국장기가지속발전적주요병경。여하유효치리수배경문제이인기전사회적보편관주。본문재전면분석수배경공공물품속성이급수배경문제적객관현실적기출상，론증료정부승담치리수배경책임적필요성。진이대현계단정부승담적수배경치리책임진행연구。귀납출기배경치리책임주요유재정책임、제도책임、감관책임화사회정합책임。연후대수배경치리중정부책임존재적현실문제진행심입분석，게시기문제주요표현위：책임주체변계모호、책임분포이“행정”위주도、책임리행중“월위”여“결위”병존、책임충류중중직접투입경간접인도。최후。제출수배경치리중적정부책임응해재견지재권여사권통일、정부주도여책임분담통일、제도설계、감관여실시합리분리、정부인도여사회삼여상결합적원칙기출상，안조분류、분항、분급래구건전형기수배경치리중정부적응연책임광가체계。
Water environment problems become the main constraints to China＇ s long-term sustainable development. How to effectively govern water environment has caused widespread concern in the whole society. On the basis of the comprehensive analysis of public goods attributes and the objective situation in water environment, the paper demonstrates the necessity to for the government to bear responsibility for water environment governance. And then the paper studies governance responsibilities for the water environment which the government is taking at present, and summarizes that environmental governance responsibilities are mainly fiscal responsibility, institutional responsibility, supervisory responsibility and social integration responsibility. After analyzing the government responsibility in water environmental governance, the paper reveals the problems as follows ： unknown main responsibility, responsibilities distribution with ＇ administration＇ as the leadership, coexistence of duty overstepping and duty absence, more direct leadership hut less indirect guidance in responsibility category. Finally, this paper proposes that the governmental responsibility in water environmental governance should stick to the principles of unity between finance and administration, unity of government leadership and responsibility sharing, rational separation of legislature and supervision from implementation, combination of government guidance and social participation, and construct a new responsibility framework of government in water environment management system during the transition period according to varieties, items and levels.
